拟南芥（Arabidopsis thaliana）种群间及近远缘种表型整合的分化研究

表型整合是生物形态、生理和功能之间以及三者之内特征的相关性。表型整合的进化是生物进化研究的重要内容。拟南芥（Arabidopsis thaliana）是植物遗传、生理和进化生物学研究的模式植物，但目前采用现代比较方法，将拟南芥形态与生理功能特征相结合研究表型整合较少。本研究选取了石河子（新疆）、青河（新疆）、浙江、美国（哥伦比亚）等拟南芥四个种群，以及新疆境内小拟南芥（Arabidopsis pumila）、南芥（Arabis auriculata）和庭荠（Alyssum desertorum）等拟南芥近远缘种作为实验材料，在同一环境下，研究形态、光合生理、生活史等特征，以及表型整合特征在种内和种间的分化特点。结果表明：石河子种群与另外三种种群之间的单个特征差异明显，各种群在两两特征之间相关格局分化较大。共同主成分分析（CPCA—Common Principal Component Analysis）发现石河子、青河、浙江三种中国种群的整合格局相同，而美国种群与其它三个拟南芥种群间的共同主成分相对较少；物种整合格局的分化与系统关系的远近有较大的关系，同时也与自然选择压紧密相关。

Research on the Adaptive Differentiation of Phenotypic Integration among the Populations of Arabidopsis Thaliana and Its Related Species

Phenotypic integration is the relativity which consists of biomorphic, physiological and functional characteristics as well as their internal relationships. Evolution of phenotypic integration is an important research aspect of evolutionary biology. Arabidopsis thaliana is the model plant for plant genetics, physiology and evolutionary biology research, however, the evolutionary researches of phenotypic integration, combining A. thaliana morphology with physiological traits using modern comparison methods, are still relatively scarce. We planted four populations Shihezi （ Xinjiang）, Qinghe （ Xinjiang）, Zhejiang, America Colombia of A. thaliana and three related species of A. thaliana in Xinjiang-A. pumila, Arabis auriculata and Alyssum desertorum under the same environment, and invesgated the traits of morphology, photosynthetic physiology and life history, as well as the differentiation feature of phenotypic integration characteristics among different populations and different species. The results indicated that Shihezi population differed largely from other three populations of single trait. Meanwhile, all populations showed remarkable differences in relevant patterns between two traits. CPCA （Common Principal Component Analysis） discovered that American population showed less CPCs than other populations. Morevore, Shihezi, Qinghe, and Zhejiang populations had the same integrative pattern. The differentiation of integrative pattern not only had large relationship with phylogeny, but also closely related to natural selection pressure.