汉字识别中声旁与整字语音激活的相对优势

以声旁位于右半边且独立成字的汉语左右结构合体字为材料 ,操纵汉字的规则性和命名作业的类型 ,利用命名整字和命名声旁两种命名作业中的规则性效应 ,分别测量声旁语音对整字语音激活的干扰和整字语音对声旁语音激活的干扰 ,在此基础上考察了整字与声旁语音不一致时 ,两种语音相互竞争和干扰的情况。结果发现 :(1)高频字整字语音干扰声旁语音激活 ,但声旁语音并不干扰整字语音激活 ;(2 )低频字整字语音干扰声旁语音激活 ,声旁语音也干扰整字语音激活 ,其中整字语音对声旁语音激活的干扰更明显。这些发现表明 ,高频字整字语音的获得明显快于声旁语音的获得 ,低频字整字语音和声旁语音尽管可能是同时获得的 ,但是 ,整字语音的激活水平要高于声旁语音的激活水平。

The Relative Strength of Phonological Activation between Complex characters and Their Phonetic Radicals in Reading Chinese

Most Chinese characters are complex characters that are composed of a semantic radical on the left and a phonetic radical on the right.The phonetic radicals can provide cues for the pronunciation of whole characters.Regular characters contain phonetic radicals that are pronounced in the same way as the whole characters,while irregular characters have phonetic radicals in different pronunciations.Subjects in this study were asked to name whole characters or their phonetic radicals when the regularity of complex characters was manipulated.Regularity effects in these two tasks were examined to investigate the competition between phonological activation of the irregular whole characters and their phonetic radicals.It was found that for high frequency irregular complex characters,phonological activation of whole characters interfered with that of their phonetic radicals,but not vice versa.For low frequency irregular complex characters,phonological activation of complex characters and their phonetic radicals interfered with each other,although the effect in naming radicals was stronger than the effect in naming whole characters.These results suggest that phonological activation of high frequency complex characters is faster than the activation of their phonetic radicals.Moreover,low frequency complex characters have higher level of phonological activation than their phonetic radicals,although these two phonological representations may have been accessed at the same time.