原油-水两相体系乳化特性研究进展

原油-水两相体系的乳化特性对多相混输管道的流动规律有显著影响.从原油-水两相体系的乳化机理出发,系统阐述了混合条件、原油组成及水相组成3个方面因素对乳化特性影响的研究进展.在混合条件的影响方面,分析了分散相比例、温度及剪切强度对乳化特性影响的研究现状及一般规律;在原油组成的影响方面,详尽阐述了原油的组分(沥青质、胶质、烃类组分、蜡晶、固体微粒、酸性化合物等)影响乳化效果的作用机理,并总结了各种组分对乳化特性影响的一般规律;在水相组成的影响方面,分析总结了水相矿化度、无机盐种类及水相酸碱度对乳化特性影响的研究现状及一般规律.此外,对原油-水两相体系乳化特性研究的不足及发展方向做了分析.

Progress in studies of emulsification of crude oil-water two-phase system

The emulsification behaviors of the crude oil-water two-phase system have a significant effect on the flowing of the multiphase transportation pipeline. Based on the emulsification mechanism of crude oil-water two-phase system, the research progress on the effects of mixing conditions, crude oil compositions and water phase compositions on the emulsification behaviors of crude oil-water two-phase system was systematically described. In terms of the effects of mixing conditions, the effects of dispersion ratio, temperature and shear intensity on emulsification behaviors were analyzed. In terms of the effects of crude oil compositions, the mechanism of the effects of compositions of crude oil, i.e., asphaltenes, resins, hydrocarbon components, wax particles, solid particles, Acids, etc., on the emulsification effect is elaborated. Further, the effects of various compositions on the emulsification behaviors were analyzed. In terms of the effects of the composition of the water phase, the research progress on the effects of water mineralization degree, kinds of inorganic salts, and pH of water on emulsification behaviors were analyzed and summarized. In addition, the deficiencies and development directions of the research on the emulsification behaviors of the crude oil-water two-phase system were analyzed.