水土化学力学效应研究现状与展望

水溶液在入渗土体过程中会发生水土化学作用，进而影响土体力学性质，该作用在土质滑坡孕育阶段扮演重要角色，是诱发滑坡形成的关键因素。本文研究系统性地总结和梳理了水土化学作用对土体力学性质、微观结构影响，以及土体强度变化机理与力学模型等方面的研究现状。在近50年的研究历程中，水土化学作用力学效应研究不断深入，从力学性质影响规律的定性描述到初步建立水土化学力学效应模型，从细微观结构变化的唯象认识到土体强度变化机理性研究，但由于土体物质组成复杂，影响因素较多，现有研究成果还不足以指导土质滑坡的预报和防治工作。为进一步有效指导土质滑坡预报、预警和防治工作，根据现阶段研究状况，提出有必要就土体抗剪强度本构模型、水土化学作用下非饱和土体黏聚力变化定量模型、水土化学作用机理应用等深层次问题，持续展开深入细致的研究。

Review and Prospect of Water-soil Chemical and Mechanical Effects

The water-soil chemical interaction occurs during the infiltration of aqueous solution into soil, which affects the mechanical properties of soil. It plays an important role in the incubation stage of soil landslide and is the key factor inducing the formation of landslide. In this paper, the effects of water-soil chemical interaction on mechanical properties and microstructure of soil are systematically summarized and sorted out, as well as the mechanism and mechanical model of soil strength change. In the past 50 years, the research on the mechanical effect of water-soil chemical interaction has been continuously deepened, from the phenomenological recognition of microstructure changes to the mechanical study of soil strength change. However, due to the complex composition of soil materials and many influencing factors, the present research is not enough to guide the prediction and prevention of soil landslide. In order to further effectively guide the prediction, early warning and prevention of soil landslides, according to the current research situation, it is necessary to continue to carry out in-depth and meticulous research on several deep-seated issues, such as the constitutive model of soil shear strength, the quantitative model of unsaturated soil cohesion under water-soil chemical interaction, and the application of water-soil chemical interaction mechanism, etc.