河北省地方水(陆)稻品种抗性的研究

鉴定了近３００ 份河北省地方水（陆）稻品种抗“三逆两病两虫”的情况。结果表明，河北省水（陆）稻品种的耐寒性和耐旱性种质频率高、强度大，耐性种质占８５．６０％ 和４８．６２％ ，高耐种质占２０．１６％ 和１５．５２％ ；抗稻瘟病和白叶枯病种质频率较高，为４５．８６％ 和５０．３４％ ，但高抗种质仅为０．３４％ 和１．０３％ ；耐盐性、抗褐稻虱和白背飞虱种质频率较低，为６．４６％ 、４．５１％ 和３．３４％ ，且抗性强度低。耐寒性种质频率水稻高于陆稻，随纬度增加、经度西移及温热条件降低而增加；耐旱性种质频率陆稻高于水稻，河北省东北地区高，西北及冀中库淀地区低；抗稻瘟病种质频率和强度陆稻均高于水稻，冀东集中种植亚区（唐山、秦皇岛两市）抗性种质丰富，强度高；抗白叶枯病种质频率和强度陆稻均高于水稻，随纬度的增加、生产期的缩短、海拔高度的增高及温热条件的降低，抗性频率和强度呈递减趋势。

STUDY ON RESISTANCE OF LOCAL PADDY AND UPLAND PICE VARIETIES IN HEBEI PROVINCE

The resistant characteristics of 300 paddy and upland rice varieties planted in Hebei province were studied.The results were as follows:the cold endurance and drought hardiness of the varieties were of high frequency and good strength(85.6%and 48.6%),the highly tolerate varieties were 20.16%and 15.52%of the germplasm respectively,The frequency to blast and to bacterial blight were also high (45.86%and 50.40% respectively),but the strength was only 0.34%and 1.03%,The frequency of salt endurance,brown planthopper and whitebacked qlanthopper were low,i.e.6.46%,4.51%and 3.34% respectively,and resistant strength was weak.The cold endurance of paddy rice was better than that of upland rice,and it increased with latitude increasing,longtitude moving to west and temperature decreasing.The droughty hardiness of upland rice was better than that of paddy rice.It was better in northeast areas of Hebei province;The frequency and strength of resistance to blast of upland rice were higher than those of paddy rice .The resistant germplasm was mainly planted in eastern parts of Hebei rice planting subregions(Tangshan and Qinhuangdao city).The frequency and strength of bacterial blight resistance of upland rice were higher than those of paddy rice,and they decreased with latitude increasing,growth period shortening,sealevel increasing and temperature decreasing.