Matrix metalloproteinases in tumor invasion

Controlled degradation of extracellular matrix (ECM) is essential for the growth, invasion, and metastasis of malignant tumors, and for tumor-induced angiogenesis. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are a family of zinc-dependent neutral endopeptidases collectively capable of degrading essentially all ECM components and they apparently play an important role in all these aspects of tumor development. Furthermore, recent evidence suggests that MMPs also play a role in tumor cell survival. In this review, we discuss the current concept concerning the role of MMPs and their inhibitors in tumor invasion, as a basis for prognosis and targeted therapeutic intervention in cancer.