防风（Saposchnikovia divaricata）体细胞在继代培养过程中的染色体变异

对防风（Ｓａｐｏｓｃｈｉｋｏｖｉａｄｉｖａｒｉｃａｔａ）体细胞在组织培养过程中遗传物质的稳定性进行了研究，结果发现防风体细胞在继代培养过程中染色体变异显著，有亚倍体、超倍体、单倍体、多倍体和微核细胞出现，并发生染色体的形态变异。培养半年以上亚倍体和微核细胞出现并开始增多，超倍体和多倍体细胞极少；随着培养时间的延长，亚倍体和微核细胞消失，而多倍体和超倍体细胞显著增多。对于这种规律性的变化，认为是培养基成分对不同的变异类型加以选择的结果，推测培养后期超倍体的大量出现与微核细胞的消失可能有着某种因果联系。微核可能有其它的形成途径。

Chromosomal Variation in Somatic Subcultures of Saposchnikovia divaricata

he chromosomal variations of callus of Saposchnikovia divaricata during cultures is ob-served. It is found that there are obvious chromosomal variations in cultured cells during the cul-ture process. The cells of micronuclei and hypoploids appeare and increase after half a year of cul-ture, and decrease in the later stoge of culture. On the contrary, the cells of polyploids and hyper-ploids appeare and increase in the later stage of the culture. This is considered to be the result ofmutant selection by the culture media. The increase of hypoploids (2n 3=19) might have acausal relationship with the decrease of micronuclei and hypoploids (2n-3=13), and the mi-cronuclei may be formed by other ways.