嗜蜡菌R的代谢特性及其摄取烷烃的机理研究

利用石蜡为惟一碳源从辽河油田油水样品中驯化筛选出一株强降解固体石蜡的菌R，初步鉴定为脲芽孢八叠球菌（Sporosarcina urea Kluyver and Niel）。该菌发酵液具有较强的排油活性及稳定的乳化能力，可使油水界面张力降低55.9%，其胞外生物表面活性剂被确定为阴离子型的水溶性产物。对其胞外脂肪酸进行了GC/MS的定性分析，确定其主要为十四酸、十六酸和十八酸。对该菌在水溶性不同的底物中培养，发现其细胞表面疏水性具有调适作用，推测该菌摄取烷烃的模式不是单一的。

Metabolizable characteristics and uptaking-alkane mechanism of paraffin thirsty bacteria R

Strain R grown on solid-paraffin as a carbon source was screened from oil-water of Liaohe Oilfield and identified as Sporosarcina urea Kluyver and Niel. Its fermentation containing anionic and hydrophilic biosurfactants possesses strong oilspreading capability and extremely stable emulsification, which could lower interface tension between heavy-oil and medium by 55.9%. Furthermore, its extracellular fatty acids are conformed C14-acid, C16-acid and C18-acid by GC/MS. When strain R was cultivated on the different soluble substrates, the adjustability of cell surface hydrophobicity was found in the experiments. And it is speculated that the uptaking-alkane mode of strain R is not single.