具有随机损坏率Newsboy产品两阶段决策问题

考虑产品随机损坏率情形下的一个供应商和一个经销商组成的Newsboy产品的供应链系统。研完供应链双方分散决策和供应商管理经销商库存（VMI）两种情形。当双方独立决策时，经销商和供应商分别以各自期望收益为目标决策最优的订货批量和最优生产批量，当完好产品的批量小于经销商的订货批量时，供应商将给予价格折扣；当由供应商管理经销商库存时，供应商在满足经销商期望收益要求的条件下，同时决策生产批量和批发价格。对于损坏率和产品需求为一般分布函数的情况下，研究在两种策略下供应链双方最优决策、双方和整个供应链的期望收益，以及VMI策略实现的条件以及对供应链的价值。最后将指数分布需求和均匀分布损坏率应用到一般模型中，通过算例进行敏感性分析。

Two-echelon Newsboy Problems with Random Defectives in Supply Chain

We consider a two-party system for Newsboy problem,in which the vendor's delivery lot contains random defective units as a result of imperfect production,and/or damage in transit.In absence of coordination,the buyer selects an(order) quantity that maximizes its expected profit.When the no-defective items of the vendor's production lot are less than the buyer's order lot,the wholesale price is discounted so that the buyer is compensated to some extent.The vendor aims to select a production quantity that maximizes its expected profit.In this paper,we also investigate a coordination in which the vendor and the buyer jointly select production quantity.The two relative mathematic models are established and their performances are compared for assessing the value and limitations of vendor-buyer coordination in coping with the uncertainty both in demand and defective.The exponential demand distribution is considered,and a numerical analysis with uniform(defective) distribution is performed to provide interesting insights of the models.