肺癌组织中P~(53)和ras-P~(21)癌基因蛋白的免疫组织化学研究

目的：为探讨肺癌组织中P53和P21癌基因蛋白的表达及其临床意义。方法：应用免疫组化方法（S－P法）检测69例肺癌组织标本中P53和P21癌基因蛋白表达，结果采用卡方检验。结果：P53和P21在肺癌组织中的阳性表达率分别为49.3％、68．1％；肺癌癌旁支气管粘膜和腺体中的阳性表达率分别为0和17.6％，与肿瘤区相比较差异均非常显著（P＜0．01）。P53蛋白表达与肺癌病人术后生存期有一定关系，P53阳性率越高，其存活期越短。P21蛋白表达肺腺癌高于肺鳞癌（P＞0．05）。P53和P21蛋白表达与肺癌病人性别、年龄、肿瘤分期和分化程度无关。结论：肺癌患者术后预后不良与P53蛋白积累有关，P53蛋白蓄积是判定肺癌预后的指标之一，ras基因突变是肺癌发生的早期事件，与肺腺癌发生更有密切关系。

Immunohistochemical study on expression of P~(53) and ras-P~(21) oncoproteins in lung cancer

Objective: To determine the correlation between P53.P21 expression and its clinical significance. Methods:Immunohistochemical method (S - P method) were used to study the expression of P53 and P21 in 69 cases of lung cancer. The results tested by using chisguare test. Result: The positve rate of P53 and P21 oncoproteins in lung cancer were 49. 3 %,68. 1 % respetively; and that in tissues surrounding the cancer were o and 17. 6% respectively. Comparing with the positive rate of section of tumor and section of surrounding the discrepancies were very obvious (P <0.01). There was statistically significant correlation between the level of expression of P53 proteins and patient survival. The expression of P21 position were related to the type of histology. P21 expression was overexpressed in the adenocarcinomas as compared to the squamous cell carcinomas (P < 0 .05). No correlation was found between expression of P53 P21 and sex, age, differentiated or clinical tumor stage. Conclusion: Our data indicated that in lung cancer the level of expression of P53 does significantly affect the length of patient survival and is therefore at present of use as one of diagnostic indicator for this disease. Mutation of the ras oncogene is an early event in lung cancer.