蒸汽蓄热器降压自蒸发试验研究

蒸汽蓄热器作为一种有效的节能装置在工业中的应用正日趋广泛。在蒸汽蓄热器设计中,对于其放热过程中蒸汽带水的问题,以往人们都是沿用锅炉汽包的内部规律来进行分析的。本文通过对这两种热力设备工作特点的比较,认为它们的工作过程有着很大的差别,并指出这种“沿用”是欠妥的。文中描述了在可视系统中观察到的降压自蒸发现象,结合在测试系统上测得的放热特性曲线,从理论上对蒸汽蓄热器降压自蒸发过程进行了分析。阐明了影响低压自蒸发过程的各种因素,并且归纳出蒸汽蓄热器降压自蒸发的几种类型:纯表面蒸发型、表面蒸发——间歇沸腾蒸发型及表面蒸发——连续沸腾蒸发型。

Investigations of the Pressure-dropping Self-evaporation Phenomena of the Steam Accumulators

The steam-accumulator, as a device for effectively saving energy, is widely used in industry. In the design of steam-accumulators, the quality of the released steam is analysed by means of the internal rule of boiler drums. It is found that this method is not trustworthy, because the evaporation process of an accumulator is different from that of a boiler. The pressure-dropping self-evaporation phenomena, which can be observed through a visible-system, are described in this paper. Based on the characteristic curves of the releasing-steam process obtained in a testing-system, the pressure-dropping self-evaporation process is analysed theoretically. Factors of various kinds affecting the pressure-dropping self-evaporation process are presented in this paper. In summing up it may be stated that the self-evaporation process inside a steam-accumulator can be categorized as pure surface evaporation, surface-intermittent boiling evaporation, and surface-continuous boiling evaporation,