Natural history and the formation of the human being: Kant on active forces |
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Authors: | Anik Waldow |
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Affiliation: | 1. Space Research and Technology Institute, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Stara Zagora Department, P. O. Box 73, 6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria;2. Space Research and Technology Institute, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. Gerogy Bonchev Str. Bl. 1, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria;3. Polar Geophysical Institute of the Kola Science Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences, Apatity 184209, Russia;1. Department of Philosophy, University of British Columbia, Canada;2. Munich Center for Mathematical Philosophy, LMU, Munich, Germany;3. Department of Philosophy, University of Vienna, Austria |
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Abstract: | In his 1785-review of the Ideen zur Philosophie der Geschichte der Menschheit, Kant objects to Herder's conception of nature as being imbued with active forces. This attack is usually evaluated against the background of Kant's critical project and his epistemological concern to caution against the “metaphysical excess” of attributing immanent properties to matter. In this paper I explore a slightly different reading by investigating Kant's pre-critical account of creation and generation. The aim of this is to show that Kant's struggle with the forces of matter has a long history and revolves around one central problem: that of how to distinguish between the non-purposive forces of nature and the intentional powers of the mind. Given this history, the epistemic stricture that Kant's critical project imposes on him no longer appears to be the primary reason for his attack on Herder. It merely aggravates a problem that Kant has been battling with since his earliest writings. |
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Keywords: | Kant Active forces Matter theory Mechanistic explanations Cosmology Anthropology |
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