基于实时全息法的二维微结构制作实验研究

提出结合计算机实时显示技术和激光全息法设计新型的全息实验,用于大学物理实验教学。首先根据多光束干涉原理系统探讨了平行四边形晶格、矩形晶格、三角晶格和正方晶格等四类二维微结构的设计原则和相应的光束配置,进而利用Matlab编程对各类二维微结构进行了数值仿真,最后设计实验进行了验证,通过CMOS相机将激光全息干涉形成的微结构实时输入计算机进行分析和处理,成功获得了三角晶格和正方晶格微结构。本实验与全息照相实验具有很好的互补性,由于无需进行光刻胶的曝光、显影和定影,具有直观、方便、快速等优点,可大大降低实验成本;此外,本实验还具有良好的开放性,可进一步用于开展创新性实验探索。

Experiment research on real-time holographic fabrications of two-dimensional microstructures

By combining computer real-time display technology and laser holography, a novel hologra- phy experiment is proposed for physics experimental teaching. Firstly, according to the principle of multi-beam interference, the design principles and beam configurations of the realization of two-di- mensional microstruetures, including parallelogram, rectangular, triangular and square lattices, are systematically explored. The above results are further verified by numerical simulations via Matlab cod- ing. Finally, the theoretical designs are validated by experiments. The formed microstructures are transferred to a computer for real-time display and processing by using a CMOS camera. Two kinds of microstructures, i. e. , the triangular and square lattices, are obtained. The proposed experiment and traditional hologram are good complementary. Since it does not require photoresist exposure, develo- ping and fixing, the proposed experiment has advantages of intuitive, easy and fast fabrication, which can greatly reduce the cost of experiments. Additionally, the experiment also has a good opening, and can be further used to explore innovative experiments.