基于多刚体动力学的人-车碰撞事故形态重构研究

交通事故重构已成为事故鉴定的重要技术手段,对还原交通事故碰撞过程十分有效。目前绝大多数重构技术均依赖于事故现场碰撞信息的采集;但准确性较低且缺乏通用性。针对某真实人-车碰撞事故案例,基于多刚体动力学原理,建立人-车碰撞数字化模型;并借助其重构事故发生时的各参与方运动状态,实现车辆损伤信息与行人冲击损伤机理的多重融合。通过行人最终位置、车辆受损区域、行人损伤等事故现场信息,验证数字重构模型的准确性。研究成果可为进一步探讨汽车前部结构设计与人员损伤的内在联系提供理论支撑;亦对制定有效规范的交通行为举措,保护交通事故中弱势群体具有较重要意义。

Study on pedestrian-car collision accident reconstruction based on multi-rigid-body dynamics

Traffic accident reconstruction becomes an important technical methodology to identify the accident. It is very efficient for restoring collision process during the accident. In general, most of the techniques concerning about accident reconstruction depend on pieces of information gathered at the scene of accident. However, this kind of reconstruction techniques provides poor accuracy and universality. In this paper, a real pedestrian - car collision accident case is studied. Based on multi-rigid-body dynamics, a numerical model is built to simulate pedestrian - car collision process, While the accident is reconstructed, the multiple fusion between vehicle damage information and pedestrian impact damage mechanism is also realized. The proposed numerical reconstruction model is verified in virtue of the information derived from accident scene including the final location of pedestrians, vehicles damaged area and pedestrian injury report. It is noted that research results cannot only be regarded as theoretical support for further exploring the relation between front structure designs and pedestrian damage, but also be the foundation for guiding traffic behavior and protecting vulnerable groups in traffic accident.