鸟类原生殖细胞的实验观察

本文系统地报导了鸟类原生殖细胞(PGC_s)的实验观察。初步提出了关于使用简易方法制备鸟类PGC_s标本的一系列技术(包括取胚、取胚血、制作胚血涂片、活胚标本、整胚装片和胚组织切片等)。实验观察表明,鸟类PGC_s可以在光镜下借助普通细胞学和组织化学相结合的方法进行鉴别。

EXPERIMENTAL OBSERVATIONS ON THE PRIMORDIAL GERM CELLS IN BIRDS

Under the efluence of "theory of cells" found by Schleiden and Schwann in 1839, in the mid-1800s, Virchow advanced a theory which all cells come from a cell, and established a concopt about the universality of cell division. This made us to be able to combine the study of cell division with reproductive(genetic)phenomena,In1870, Waldoyem at first found the primordial germ cells (PGC_S) in gonads of chick embryos. Soon afterwards, in 1883, Weismann further put forward the germ plasm theory which divided an organism into two parts, one of which is the gorm plasm heritable, the other is the somatoplasm died with individual doath. Dug to the enlightenment of ovor-montioned theory, many researchers tried in the early embryes to probe into the development of PGCs as precursors of germ cells. At present, the exporimontal studios of PGCs are not yet redorted in our country. In this articlo we mainly observed tho PGCs in chick embryos. The results have shown that the PGCs in birds can be observed with simple and easy mathods of general cytology and histochomistry, including sampling ombryes from fertilized eggs, taking the embryonicblood, making blood smear preaprations, living embryonic preparations, whole assembly embryonic preparations and ombryonic histosections, etc. Lastly, the morphological characteristics, as well as origin and migration of the PGC_S were discussed. Attached 10 Figs. and quoted 11 refers.