非致命动能弹对目标作用的钝击水波效应与致伤机制研究

动能打击类非致命武器是最广泛应用的反恐装备，研究非致命弹与目标的作用过程并剖析致伤机理，对提升打击效能与安全性具有重要意义.本文借助高速摄影等试验手段，研究球形橡皮弹对生物目标及复合模拟靶标的作用过程，通过成像结果分析目标/靶标受弹过程的瞬时大变形效应，提出了钝击作用过程的水波效应、皮肤拉伸效应协同作用是造成生物目标皮损、苍白、红晕区形成的根本原因，并通过构建解析模型建立了致伤物理参数与典型生物创伤机制的关联.试验结果及数学模型为揭示动能类打击弹药致痛机理与非致命装备效能评估提供了参考.

Research on Water Wave Effect and Injury Mechanics for Kinetic Less-Lethal Bullet Impacting Target

Kinetic less-lethal weapons may be the most widely used among the anti-terrorist equipments. The research on less-lethal bullet impacting process helps to uncover the injury mechanics, which was significant in increasing the hitting efficiency and safety. This paper introduces high-speed photograph to capture the process of a rubber ball impacting on a living target and a composite surrogate target. The high-speed images showed a transient and large skin deformation, which indicates the cooperation effect of water wave effect and skin straining was the major cause of an injury character-skin damage zone, pallor zone and congestive zone. Furthermore, this paper builds an analytical model for illustrating the connection between impacting effect parameters and typical injury mechanics. The experiment result and the analytical model helps to reveal the less-lethal bullet hit-pain mechanisms and to evaluate weapon efficiencies.