1978年—2013年官厅水库水域面积变化及相关因素分析

基于TM卫星多时相遥感影像数据,利用GIS相关技术,研究了官厅水库1978年—2013年水域面积变化的时序特征,在此基础上,分析了水库水域面积变化与相关要素之间的关系并提出相关对策.研究结果表明:1978年—1987年,官厅水库水域面积处于上升期;1987年—2000年,水库面积保持在90 km2左右,变化不大;2000年—2004年,水域面积突然出现大面积萎缩,降至不足40 km2;2004年—2013年,虽经过水资源治理,但水库面积没有得到恢复,水域面积维持在45 km2,且狭窄处水域不断被分割,水库破碎度增大.通过对选取区域主要社会经济指标进行相关分析发现,水域面积与区域国民生产总值,特别是第二产业生产总值呈显著负相关,与耕地面积呈显著正相关,这说明水域面积的变化情况与上游张家口地区处在工业化加速期的发展阶段以及以重工业为主的产业结构关系密切.官厅水库水资源治理需要系统设计,发展生态型产业是水资源治理的关键.建议官厅水库水资源治理要加强京张区域合作,借力北京加快张家口产业转型升级;要统一流域水资源管理,完善水权制度,落实流域水资源补偿政策.

Analysis of water area changes of Guanting reservoir and related factors from 1978 to 2013

Based on the TM satellite remote sensing image data, the timing characteristics changes of Guanting reservoir water area from 1978-2013 were researched using GIS related technology. The relationship between the change of the reservoir water area and related factors, and countermeasures were put forward. The results show that the water area of Guanting reservoir is on the rise in the years 1978-1987. Reservoir area changes little, which maintains at about 90 km2 during 1987-2000. Water area suddenly decreases in large scale to less than 40 km^2 in the years 2000-2004. The reservoir area is 45 km^2, which has not been restored though the water resources governance in the years 2004-2013. At the same time, water in narrow area is constantly divided, the fragmentation of the reservoir increases. Water area is negatively re-lated to the regional GDP, especially the second industrial GDP, and positively correlated with area of cultivated land by analyzing the main social and economic indicators of the selected areas. This indicates that the water area changes is close- ly related to that the upstream Zhangjiakou area is in the development stage of accelerated industrialization period, and the industrial structure is dominated by heavy industry. The resources management of Guanting reservoir water need sys- tematically to be designed, the key of water resources governance is the eco industry development. The Guanting reservoir water resources governance can strengthen the Beijing-Zhangjiakou regional cooperation, leverage Beijing to speed up the Zhangjiakou industrial transformation and upgrading. Water resources management need to be unified, the system of water rights need to be improved, the compensation policy of the river basin water resources need to be put into practice.