脉冲态空化射流掩模电解加工试验研究

针对掩模电解加工金属表面微凹坑过程中存在的电解产物排出困难的技术问题,创新性地提出脉冲态空化射流掩模电解加工方法.为了研究该工艺的加工特性,设计了单个微凹坑和阵列微凹坑的加工工艺试验.研究了不同冲液类型、气液比例、气体脉冲频率对于微凹坑表面形貌的影响规律.试验结果表明,采用脉冲态空化射流式的冲液类型相比于传统的纯射流式更具优势,能加工出深径比更高的微凹坑结构;选择较高的气液比例和较低的气体脉冲频率有利于提高微凹坑的深径比;同时推论出脉冲态空化射流掩模电解加工的脉冲扰流与气蚀效应是电解产物及时排出的原因.该方法能够有效改善流场,是实现高效率、高均匀性的表面微凹坑结构的前提.

Experimental Research on Electrochemical Machining of Pulse Cavitation Jet Mask

Aiming at the technical problem that the electrolytic product is difficult to discharge during the process of mask electrochemical machining of metal surface micro-pits, a pulsed cavitation jet mask electrochemical machining method is innovatively proposed. In order to study the processing characteristics of the process, a single micro-pit and array micro-pit processing test were designed. The influence of different types of flushing liquid, gas-liquid ratio, and gas pulse frequency on the surface morphology of micro-pits was studied. The test results show that the pulsed cavitation jet type has advantages compared with the traditional pure jet type, and can process micro-pit structures with higher depth-to-diameter ratio; choose a higher gas-liquid ratio and comparison The low gas pulse frequency is beneficial to increase the depth-to-diameter ratio of the micro-pits; at the same time, it is deduced that the pulse turbulence and cavitation effect of pulsed cavitation jet mask electrochemical machining are the reasons for the timely discharge of electrolysis products. This method can effectively improve the flow field, and is a prerequisite for realizing a high-efficiency and high-uniformity surface micro-pit structure.