一种运动学形式的人员疏散仿真微观模型研究

从疏散群体中的人员个体角度出发研究人员疏散规律,提出一种运动学形式的离散时间仿真微观模型.每个个体的运动完全由其运动方向及速度大小所确定,将个体的运动姿态用两个笛卡儿坐标和一个方向角表示,进行运动学近似,个体运动过程由速度的两个瞬时值描述,即平移线速度和偏转角速度.进而考虑影响个体运动方向及速度大小的主要行为原则,建立综合这些行为影响因素的模型方程,允许通过调节各种参数,研究环境及个体心理状态对疏散的影响.

Microscopic Model Study on Pedestrian Evacuation Simulation Based on Kinematics

The pedestrian evacuation law was studied by observing individuals in community, and a discrete time simulation microscopic model was proposed based on kinematics. Movement of each pedestrian was fully determined by its heading and speed. The individual movement posture was defined with two Cartesian coordinates and an angle of deflection. By using kinematical approximation, the individual movement process was described by two instant speed values, namely translation line speed and deflection angle speed. Taking the main behavior principles that influence the individual heading and speed into account, the model equations were established which synthesized these behavior influence factors. The model could then be used to study the influence of environment and individual psychological condition to the evacuation by adjusting various parameters.