利用芽孢杆菌混合菌群发酵生产生物有机肥的研究

以斯太贝亚叶面肥分离得到的4株芽孢杆菌(巨大芽孢杆菌M3,Bacillus oleronius O4,枯草芽孢杆菌S10,解淀粉芽孢杆菌A8)为起点,研究和改造斯太贝亚叶面肥.采用琼脂块法及钼锑抗比色法,考察4株芽孢杆菌及混合菌群在抑制植物病原真菌及降解土壤中难利用磷的情况.结果表明,混合菌群抑菌性能较其他菌株强,对梨青霉病菌的抑制率高达75.8%;混合菌群与巨大芽孢杆菌M3对土壤中难利用磷降解情况相差不大,均比其他菌株降解性强.由于斯太贝亚叶面肥含化学成分,对人体及环境会造成一定负担,故以天然无化学成分且有机质含量高的小麦秸秆为原料发酵生物有机肥,发酵后添加聚γ谷氨酸.考察生物有机肥对黄瓜幼苗感染植物病原真菌防治效果及病情指数,并考察生物有机肥对毛豆幼苗各项生长指标的影响.结果表明,研制的生物有机肥能够显著降低黄瓜幼苗感染植物病原真菌的病情指数,防治效果达55.56%;并且能够一定程度提高毛豆幼苗的株高、地上部鲜重、地上部干重.

The Research of Using Bacillus Mixed Microbes to Fermentation Production of Biological Organic Fertilizer

The four strains of Bacillus（Bacillus megaterium M3,Bacillus oleronius O4,Bacillus subtilis S10,Bacillus amyloliquefaciens A8）isolated from the foliar fertilizer of sitaibeiya are taken as a starting point,the foliar fertilizer of sitaibeiya is researched and reformed.With the AGAR block method and the molybdenum antimony colorimetric method,the inhibition of plant pathogenic fungi and degradation of the difficulty to use the situation of phosphorus in the soil are investigated of the four of bacillus and mixed strains.The results show that the mixed strains inhibit them better than others,the inhibition rate to pear penicillium bacteria is as high as 75.8%.There are little differences about the degradation of the difficulty to used phosphorus in the soil between Bacillus megaterium M3 and the mixed strains,and they can degrade them between than other strains.This foliar fertilizer contains Chemicals,and it will be a burden to the human body and the environment,so we fermented production of biological organic fertilizer,with natural,no chemical composition and high organic matter content of wheat straw as raw materials,and added PDA solution after completed the fermentation.Then we determine the disease index and control effect as cucumber seedling plant infected the pathogenic fungi,and the growth index after the application of biological organic fertilizer on soybean seedlings.The research shows that biological organic fertilizer can reduce the disease index remarkably,and the control effect can be to 55.56%.It also can improve the plant height,shoot fresh weight and shoot dry weight to a certain extent.