匹配追踪信号分解与往复机械故障特征提取技术研究

提出了一种自适应提取往复机械振动信号冲击特征的信号处理方法，方法的核心是基于特别选定的基元函数将信号展开，在采用匹配追踪算法分解信号时，应用指数衰减正弦波函数作为信号分解的基元函数，能够十分理想地匹配信号中的冲击响应波形，与往复机械振动信号有最好的相似性，往复机械的故障诊断实例证明，利用该方法提取信号中的瞬态冲击响应特征是可行的，研究结果为机械冲击故障的特征提取与诊断提供了一条新途径。

Extraction of Fault Features in Reciprocating Machinery Based on Matching Pursuits

A method for extracting impulse features from vibration signals of reciprocating machinery is presented. The signals are composed of event related impulse response waveforms with varying shapes and arrival times. The extraction method is based on series expansion of the signal by a set of elementary functions. The exponentially decayed sinusoidal functions are suitable for simulating transient impulse responses of mechanical system. Hence, they are used as the elementary functions. A matching pursuit algorithm is applied to decompose the signal into linear composition of event related impulse responses that could be correlated to the elementary functions. Fault diagnosis for a reciprocating compressor using this new method is illustrated. The result shows that the extracted features can effectively represent faults in the reciprocating machinery.