粤北山区9株香菇菌株酯酶和过氧化物同工酶的研究

利用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶垂直板电泳技术对粤北地区的9个香菇菌株的酯酶和过氧化物同工酶进行了研究。在9个菌株的酯酶同工酶电泳图谱中，2个野生菌株与7个栽培菌株间的酶带数量、浓淡宽窄差异较大：进一步用UP-GMA平均链锁程序进行聚类分析发现，相似系数为0.3时野生菌株与栽培菌株才能归为一大类。相似系数为0.6时栽培菌株可归为一大类，相似系数为0.72时9个菌株可以分为5大类9个菌株过氧化物同工酶酶带均为1条。酶带浓淡和宽窄有差异，野生香菇的酶带最浓最宽。结果表明：粤北香菇资源丰富，遗传差异较大，特别是野生香菇菌株具有较大的开发利用价值；且酯醯和过氧化物同工酶对香菇菌株的分类、鉴定和遗传标记等方面都具有参考价值。

Studies on EST and POD isozymes of 9 Lentinus edodes strains

The Esterase （EST） and Peroxidase （POD） isozyme of 9 Lentinus edodes Strains were studied by using vertical flat electrophoresis of polyacrylamide gel. The results showed that patterns of esterase isozyme of 2 wild strains and 7 cultivated strains were significant difference in number, shade and width; then the genetic similarity was analysed by UPGMA based on the patterns of esterase isozyme, the results revealed the wild strains and the cultivated strains were collected into one group, when the coefficient was 0.3; while the cultivated trains were collected into one group when the coefficient was 0.6, and 9 strains were collected into 5 groups when the coefficient was 0.72. The number of POD isozyme bands of 9 strains was only one, and the band was different in shade and width. These results proved L. edodes was rich in the north of Guangdong province, and were diverse in heredity, and especially the wild strains had great value of exploitation and utilities. The EST and POD isozymes were a useful supplementary means for the classification, identity and genetic mark of L. edodes.