无线传感器网络的能耗性能分析

针对无线传感器网络能量有限的问题，基于瑞利衰落信道模型，建立了一种跨越物理层与媒质接入层的能耗模型，并针对IEEE802.11 DCF和时隙ALOHA协议给出了具体的能耗分析. 考虑到无线信道的多变特点与节点饱和度情况，以及用户对信道质量的要求与接入方式，对网络工作过程中的能量消耗进行了详细的分析架构. 最后给出了节点平均功耗与净荷能耗率的仿真与理论分析结果，并仿真分析了发送功率与传输速率变化对能耗的影响. 结果表明，给出的能耗模型理论分析结果与仿真值非常接近，从而验证了模型的有效性；发送功率与传输速率过大、过小都不利于能耗的节省，联合控制更易于提升能耗性能。

Analysis of Energy Consumption of Wireless Sensor Networks

Due to the energy limitation of wireless sensor networks, a cross-layer energy consumption model is proposed based on Rayleigh fading channel model. And concrete energy consumption analysis is presented for IEEE802.11 DCF and slotted ALOHA protocols. Considering the variance characteristic of wireless channel, node saturation, quality requirement of users and access control mode, we analyze and frame the energy consumption in the working process of networks detailedly. At last, the simulation and numerical results of the average power consumption and the net load energy consumption rate are obtained, and the influences of the transmission power and rate’s variance on the energy consumption are analyzed with simulations. Analytical results show that theoretical results are close to the simulation results, which validates the proposed model,and transmission power and rate have optimal values between the maximal and minimal values for energy performance and furthermore jointly controlling them are prone to improve the energy performance.