地区分销系统的成本优化模型及应用

研究需求不确定下由一个地区分销中心和多个零售商组成的地区分销系统，系统中地区分销中心和多个零售商都采用周期检查的最大库存水平策略(order-up-to Level policy)．首先，生成了最终顾客的不确定需求数据．然后，分别给出了有限计划水平内地区分销中心和各个零售商的成本模型，在此基础上建立了地区分销系统的独立决策优化模型和联合决策优化模型，并给出了这两类模型的求解方法．最后，通过算例表明，该地区分销系统存在“第一最优”(first-best)解，即零售商所做出的最优决策从整个地区分销系统的角度看也是最优的。

Cost optimization model for regional distribution system with its application

A regional distribution system with demand uncertainty is studied. The system consists of one regional distribution center and multiple retailers that use order-up-to level policy to periodically review their inventory level. First, the uncertain demand data are generated. Then, cost models are presented for the regional distribution center and the retailers respectively. Based on that, an independent decision and a joint decision cost optimization model are developed for regional distribution systems. Thereafter, solving scheme for the models is given. Finally, a simple numerical example is given. The computational results show that this problem has the first_best solution that means optimal inventory level decision made by retailers is also optimal for the whole distribution system.