云杉八齿小蠹蓝变菌的生物学特性和杀菌剂筛选

云杉八齿小蠹伴生蓝变真菌侵害云杉属和松属,严重可导致树木死亡.经室内试验研究,结果表明:2个蓝变菌菌株适宜生长温度均为25℃,对酸碱度的适应能力强,当pH值在3.5~9.0范围内均能生长,在酸性环境下发育较好,以葡萄糖为最佳碳源.此外,菌株Ophiostoma penicillatum可很好利用乳糖,最佳氮源为甘氨酸和酵母粉;菌株Ophiostoma sp.可较好利用甘露糖,最佳氮源为蛋白胨.甲基托布津、扑海因和中生菌素对试验菌株的生长有极强的抑制效果,腐霉利、噻菌铜和霜霉威对Ophiostoma penicillatum有显著的抑制效果,且试验使用的浓度仅为药剂常用浓度的1/10.

Biological Characteristics and Fungicide Screening of Blue-stain Fungi Associated with Ips Typographus

Blue-stain fungi associated with Ips typographus attacks Picea and Pinus, and can cause dead trees. The results show that for two strains of blue-stain fungi, the optimum temperature were 25 ℃, their adapta- bility of pH was strong. They could grow under pH 3.5 - 9.0, and they grew better in acidic environment. Op- timum growth carbon source was glucose. In addition, Ophiostoma penicillatum could make good use of lacto- sum. Optimum growth nitrogen sources were glycine and yeast powder. Ophiostoma sp. could make good use of mannose, the optimum growth nitrogen source was peptone. The mildothane, iprodione and zhongshengmycin were the most effective fungicides, procymidone, chlorothalonil, thiodiazole copper and propamocarb has signifi- cant inhibitory effect on Ophiostoma penicillatum, and the concentration of the testing was only 1/10 normal.