漂浮阳极泥中铋的提取与三氧化二铋的制备

漂浮阳极泥经过盐酸浸出、稀释水解、氢氧化钠中和得到氯氧铋,氯氧铋经过氢氧化钠转化制备得到三氧化二铋.当盐酸浓度为6mol/L,固液比为1∶5,反应温度为80℃,反应时间为1h时,漂浮阳极泥中锑和铋浸出率分别达到99.17％和99.08％.当稀释比为8∶1时,盐酸浸出液中锑水解率为98.13％,铋水解率仅为8.8％.稀释后液中加入氢氧化钠溶液,当pH为1.5时,铋水解率达到99.5％,水解产物氯氧铋(BiOCl)中铋、氧、氯的质量分数分别为54.23％,19.30％和14.61％.氯氧铋再次经过盐酸浸出,稀释水解,氢氧化钠沉淀得到氯氧铋.除杂后氯氧铋经过硫酸洗涤、氢氧化钠转化,当氢氧化钠浓度为6mol/L,液固比为3∶1,反应温度为80℃时,反应2h后过滤,用0.5mol/L盐酸洗涤得到形貌为纤维状、晶型为单斜的α-Bi2O3,氧化铋纯度达到99.81％.

Extraction of bismuth and preparation of bismuth trioxide from floating anode slime

BiOCl was prepared from floating anode slime by hydrochloric acid leaching,diluting and NaOH neutralizing.BiOCl was turned into Bi2O3 by NaOH.The leaching rates of Sb and Bi are 99.17% and 99.08% when hydrochloric acid concentration is 6mol/L,reaction temperature is 80 ℃,ratio of solid to liquid is 1:5,and reaction time is 1 h.The hydrolysis rate of Sb is 98.13% and the hydrolysis rate of Bi is only 8.8% after the hydrochloric acid leaching when solution is diluted 8 times by water.The hydrolysis rate of Bi is up to 99.5% and the hydrolysis product is BiOCl in which the contents of Bi,O and Cl are respectively 54.23%,19.30% and 14.61% after the diluted solution was adjusted to pH=1.5 by NaOH.The impurity in the BiOCl is removed after hydrochloric acid leaching,diluting and NaOH neutralizing.BiOCl is washed by sulfuric acid and treated by NaOH after removing impurity.Bi2O3 is prepared when NaOH concentration is 6 mol/L,reaction temperature is 80 ℃,ratio of liquid to solid is 3:1,and reaction time is 2 h.Bi2O3 is monoclinic and fibrous and the purity of Bi2O3 is 99.81% when Bi2O3 is washed by 0.5 mol/L hydrochloric acid.