河北大学校园刺足蛛1中国新纪录属和种记述(蜘蛛目:刺足蛛科)

记录采自河北大学校园的中国刺足蛛科1新纪录属:唇蛛属Labialithus Kamura, 2021,其模式种为唇形唇蛛Labialithus labialis(Paik,1991).此前该属只记载分布于日本、韩国和俄罗斯(远东地区).     

Bionomics of the myrmecophilous oribatid mite Protoribates myrmecophilus (Acari: Oribatida) in the Oriental tropics

Behavioural interactions between the myrmecophilous oribatid mite Protoribates myrmecophilus and the host ant Myrmecina spp. are described and compared to those of Aribates javensis which shows a very specialized myrmecophily. The behaviour of P. myrmecophilous is similar to free-living oribatids: they can walk by themselves and can survive without ant attendance. In the ant nests, the mites are sometimes cared for by ants and they are brought by ants into a new nest site. Protoribates myrmecophilus is eaten by non-host species of Myrmecina. Protoribates myrmecophilus is a less specialized myrmecophilous oribatid species.     

The myrmecophilous organs of larvae of the small blue,Cupido minimus (Lepidoptera; Lycaenidae)

Larvae of the lycaenid butterfly Cupido minimus have been examined using scanning electron microscopy following critical-point drying. They were found to possess both dorsal organs and pore cupolae, organs associated with myrmecophily. These results are compared with those of earlier authors and their significance discussed.     

The influence of ants on the mating strategy of a myrmecophilic jumping spider (Araneae,Salticidae)

Phintella piatensis is an unusual jumping spider because, despite being neither myrmecophagic nor myrmecomorphic, it associates with ants, including dangerous weaver ants. Although salticids typically spin cocoon‐like nests for use as shelters, the nests of Phintella are unusually dense. These play an important role in how Phintella adapts to living with ants. In experiments, intraspecific interaction and mating increased the risk of being killed by ants when there was no accessible nest, while access to a nest eliminated this risk. Additionally, while outside nests, seeing ants made Phintella reluctant to mate, this being an unusual example of a small animal with exceptional eyesight compensating for predation risk when making vision‐based mating decisions. On the whole, the behaviour of Phintella during intraspecific interaction had broad similarity to the pattern that is common in salticids, but with some of the details of courtship suggesting further adaptation to interacting in the presence of dangerous ants.     

The symbiosis between the weaver ant,Oecophylla smaragdina,and Anthene emolus,an obligate myrmecophilous lycaenid butterfly

Females of Anthene emolus use the presence of the weaver ant, Oecophylla smaragdina, as oviposition cue. Ovipositing females are not attacked by the ants. The first instar larvae are adopted by the ants and carried into their pavilions where the caterpillars feed. Outside the pavilions the larvae cannot survive. The older larvae leave the pavilions and are carried by the ants to their feeding places or back into the pavilions. The larvae are constantly attended by the ants. During the 3rd and 4th instar the caterpillars secrete high amounts of nutritive liquids representing an estimated energy content of 200 J per larva. Thus the larvae are important trophobionts of Oe. smaragdina and attract the ants by releasing food recruitment behaviour. The pupae are not attractive for ants, but are not attacked, either. The emerging adults are not protected from ant attacks and are sometimes killed by their host ants. The costs and benefits of this close obligate myrmecophilous relationship for both the ants and lycaenids as well as the evolution of ant-specific relationships of the lycaenids are discussed.