携带并殖吸虫囊蚴的华溪蟹新亚种报告(十足目:短尾派)

本文报道了充当并殖吸虫第二中间宿主,分布于福建省霞浦、福安、寿宁、福鼎、拓荣县(市)的淡水华溪蟹,经鉴别,均非福建华溪蟹(Sinopotamon fukienense),而是浙江华溪蟹新亚种Sinopotamon chekiangensemindongense subsp,nov.,澄清了蟹种分类。     

广东硇洲岛潮间带蟹类的组成及生态分布

经对硇洲岛潮间带蟹类进行调查，共获蟹类63种，分隶于11科、34属，其中硬相20种，软相43种。硇洲岛蟹类属于南海蟹类区系的成分，几乎完全是热带及亚热带性质。该文对其组成和生态分布进行了详细分析。     

朱家尖岛滨海小流域湿地的蟹类

研究了朱家尖岛在海堤和水闸建成前,与海洋直接相连的滨海小流域小型湿地蟹类的种类与分布,为今后作进一步探讨湿地与海洋完全分隔后环境和生物多样性的变化提供基础.通过系统的采集,共采集到蟹类11种,分属3科8属,其中8种属于方蟹科,占总数的72.7%,1种属于沙蟹科,痕掌沙蟹遍布高潮区的沙滩.河道中,字纹弓蟹成为该地域内蟹类群落的优势种,而且蟹类分布与周围环境变化有关.水闸建成后,将会对字纹弓蟹等洄游性蟹类产生更大影响.     

淡水鱼加工副产物新鲜度对速酿鱼露品质的影响

以淡水鱼加工副产物为原料,经过不同条件的储藏后得到不同新鲜度的副产物,分别接种米曲霉后置35℃发酵30d制备鱼露。对副产物和鱼露的理化特性进行评价,结果表明,副产物经储藏后品质发生不同程度的变化:常温储藏4h后,副产物的pH值、挥发性盐基氮(TVB-N)、硫代巴比妥酸及菌落总数均比冰藏和冻藏副产物的相关指标高,而冰藏8h副产物的相关指标则高于冰藏4h副产物的指标；以常温储藏4h的副产物为原料发酵所得的鱼露,其氨基酸态氮、总可溶性氮含量最高,然而其TVB-N和三甲胺含量也最高；以冰藏4h的副产物为原料发酵所得鱼露的生物胺总量和组胺含量最高。副产物经常温4h储藏后其理化特性发生了一定改变,但并未对鱼露的整体品质产生显著的不良影响,因此,淡水鱼加工副产物在常温储藏4h以下可以用于速酿鱼露的发酵。     

4种淡水藻对硝基苯的抗性机制

选择了4种淡水藻——纤细裸藻、莱因衣藻、舟形藻和聚球藻,通过分析硝基苯对其生长和叶绿素含量的影响,以及藻细胞对硝基苯的降解、积累和抗氧化酶系统的响应,以期了解藻类对硝基苯的抗性机制．结果表明：4种藻的生长和叶绿素a含量对硝基苯的抗性,按抗性大小排列：纤细裸藻〉莱因衣藻〉舟形藻〉聚球藻,4种藻对硝基苯无显著的降解和积累能力,藻细胞对硝基苯的抗性主要依赖抗氧化酶系的防御作用,其中藻细胞的SOD起主要作用,POD起次要作用．     

Microhabitat use by the white‐clawed crayfish in a Tuscan stream

Habitat modification, pollution, overfishing, poaching, competition from non‐indigenous species, and diseases have led to the extinction in Europe of many populations of indigenous crayfish. Under the rationale that any programme of reintroduction should be preceded by a thorough understanding of habitat requirements of the species of concern, we studied the microhabitat use of an Austropotamobius pallipes population in Tuscany, central Italy. Microhabitat use was assessed for water depth, current velocity, substrate, percentages of boulders, underwater tree roots, and in‐stream vegetation cover. Results show that A. pallipes' habitat use is size‐partitioned. Smaller individuals mostly occupy stream edges in shallow waters with submerged roots, whereas larger individuals use deeper waters, often associated with boulders. Crayfish spatial distribution is restricted mostly to the microhabitats characterised by extensive cover and slow current velocity. The study highlights the importance of habitat heterogeneity and cover elements for the protection of this indigenous species.     

On the genus Racekiela in Mexico: molecular and morphological description of Racekiela cresciscrystae n. sp.

ABSTRACT

In Mexico, there are currently two known species of Racekiela: R. ryderii and R. montemflumina. Here we describe a new species from high-altitude streams in central and southern Mexico. Racekiela cresciscrystae sp. nov. presents two morphotypes: thick encrusting with raised ridges or lobose outgrowths at the surface and dark green in colour, or lime-green encrustations. The new species as megascleres presents microspined oxeas from 200 to 300 µm long, some centrotylote, or with malformations. Gemmules are spherical with a tri-layered theca, constituted by radially embedded birotules and pseudobirotules. The birotules have longer shaft than the rotule diameter, which is flat, and some slightly umbonate. Pseudobirotules of typical morphology have strongly or somewhat spined shaft. Spines can be straight or hooked. The species also presents other type of pseudobirotules, which are umbonate and with only small warts, instead of spines. DNA sequences from the nuclear ITS1-5.8-ITS2 region were sequenced from the holotype and a paratype of the new species to determine their phylogenetic relationships with other members of the family Spongillidae. Tree topologies (Bayesian Inference and Maximum Likelihood) were consistent in showing Racekiela creciscrystae sp. nov. as a sister clade of R. montemflumina confirming its allocation in a monophyletic genus Racekiela. A comparison with all the Racekiela species described so far is also included. This paper increases the number of species of freshwater sponges in Mexico, and confirmed that Racekiela is a monophyletic genus with morphological characters very well defined.

http://www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:3769C54F-23C4-409A-AF02-81F3AA084F7A

http://www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:A512359D-E428-4D04-B08A-E189E3F6F962     

A new species of Himalayapotamon Pretzmann, 1966 (Crustacea: Brachyura: Potamidae) marking the westernmost distribution of the genus,with notes on its geographical range evolution

ABSTRACT

We describe a new species of freshwater crab, Himalayapotamon robertsianum sp. nov. from Punjab province of Pakistan, based on morphological characters of the carapace and the first gonopod. The new species demarcates the westernmost distribution limit of the genus. Additionally, we analysed partial sequences of the 16S rRNA locus for some species of the genus Himalayapotamon (p-distances, Bayesian phylogenetical inference), indicating that Himalayapotamon separates into an eastern and a western clade. Based on these results, we propose a biogeographical scenario that can explain the occurrence of the genera Himalayapotamon and Potamon within the same river system: we assume an ancestral widespread distribution of Himalayapotamon in the palaeo-Ganges. When drainage rearrangement diverted the western tributaries of the Ganges into the Indus since the latest Miocene, Himalayapotamon diverged into two clades. Consequently, the western clade is now sharing the Indus drainage with Potamon.

urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:80B52E6C-0120-4669-A6B0-9F0DA5918EE3     

A new species and illustrated records of Paracyclops Claus, 1893 (Copepoda: Cyclopoida: Cyclopinae) from Mexico

A new species of the freshwater cyclopid genus Paracyclops Claus, 1893 collected from the state of Aguascalientes, Mexico is described based on female and male specimens. It has affinities with other forms with profusely ornamented caudal rami, such as Paracyclops carectum Reid and Paracyclops pilosus Dussart, but it can be distinguished by a combination of characters including details of the ornamentation of the coxa of leg 1, third antennular segment with incomplete suture line, inner margin of the caudal rami with scattered hair-like elements, and relatively long caudal rami, among other characters. The male is distinguished mainly by having the caudal rami completely covered by pilosity, which differs from all other known Paracyclops, including Paracyclops carectum. The new species has affinities with neotropical Paracyclops. Illustrated records and a morphological analysis of two more species of Paracyclops from Mexico, Paracyclops poppei and Paracyclops chiltoni, are also included in this contribution.