Fecundity of the blood-feeding insectRhodnius prolixus increases in successive periods of egg production

The fecundity of the blood-feeding insect,Rhodnius prolixus, was observed to increase in successive periods of egg production, each period being triggered by a single large blood meal. As previously published, the fecundity of mated animals was significantly higher than that of unmated animals for the first period of egg production. For a second period of egg production, fecundity increased significantly in both mated and unmated animals. By the fourth period, fecundity had returned to first-feed values for mated animals, but remained high for unmated animals, and the fecundity of mated and unmated animals was not significantly different. Thus, during successive periods of egg production, the processes which maintain fecundity of unmated animals below that of mated animals are overcome.     

太白红杉种群生殖对策研究Ⅰ生育力和种子重量

研究了太白红杉种群生育力和种子重量与年龄及海拔的关系．结果表明：(1)南坡的太白红杉成熟年龄比北坡早．(2)太白红杉种群的生育力随着年龄的增大而增大，但到一定年龄后又呈下降趋势．南坡太白红杉在70龄左右时生育力开始降低，北坡太白红杉在90龄左右生育力下降；北坡太白红杉种群的生育力随海拔的升高逐渐增大，大约到海拔3300m左右后逐渐降低；南坡太白红杉种群的生育力则一直随海拔升高而逐渐增大．(3)太白红杉种子的重量(千粒重)随着个体年龄的增大逐渐增加，但南坡在60龄左右时又逐渐变轻；种子重量随海拔的升高表现为先增加，后下降的趋势，但在北坡种子重量开始下降的海拔要比南坡低．     

矛尾复(鱼叚)虎鱼个体生殖力的研究

研究了矛尾复(鱼叚)虎鱼个体生殖力及其与生物学指标的关系 ,结果表明 :个体绝对生殖力为 3 052～ 67 896粒,个体相对生殖力 Fl 为 234.0～ 1 867.0粒 /cm, Fw为 16.8～ 1 260.1粒 /g.个体绝对生殖力与体长、净体重、卵巢重呈直线相关,与肥满度负相关,与成熟系数相关关系不显著;个体相对生殖力 Fl除了与成熟系数相关关系不显著,与各生物学指标正相关; Fw除了与成熟系数和肥满度呈正相关外,其余均呈负相关.     

Population biology of Sphaeroma serratum Fabricius (Isopoda,Flabellifera) at the Port of Mar del Plata,Argentina

Variations in size distribution, sex ratio, fecundity and morph frequencies in a population of Sphaeroma serratum were studied year-round. Changes in size distribution are most marked during the breeding season. Growth is arrested during the winter months. Young are produced throughout the summer; these overwinter, reproduce and then die. Differences in size of mature males suggest an effect of the timing of birth on life-span. Females are able to produce two broods. Offspring number is positively correlated with female size. Brood pouch mortality is estimated at 39%. Marked changes in sex ratio within the breeding season are thought to be artifacts due to sexual differences in behaviour. Comparison of reproductive traits of this, and other, populations shows a latitudinal pattern related to the duration of the warm season. Analysis of morph frequencies revealed similarities with European populations so far studied.     

Reproductive strategies of two sympatric species of Hyalella Smith, 1874 (Amphipoda,Dogielinotidae) in laboratory conditions

This study was performed in order to test theoretical predictions that sympatric species might show different reproductive strategies to facilitate their coexistence. The duration of precopulatory mate‐guarding behaviour, body size of ovigerous females, embryonic and postembryonic development time, fecundity, and viability of the sympatric amphipod species Hyalella pleoacuta and H. castroi were investigated under laboratory conditions (19±1°C and 12 h light/dark photoperiod). Specimens were collected with nets in autumn and spring 2004, and summer and winter 2005 in the Vale das Trutas, São José dos Ausentes County, southern Brazil, and transported to the laboratory. Both species of Hyalella showed similar reproductive strategies, especially in respect to the duration of the precopula, duration of the embryonic period, and fecundity. However, these species differed in body size of ovigerous females, duration of the postembryonic period, viability, and body size of juveniles that remained in the marsupium and those released by females. These differences in the reproductive traits of H. pleoacuta and H. castroi may facilitate their coexistence in nature.     

东海银鲳个体生殖力的研究

本文研究了东海银鲳个体生殖力的分布以及个体生殖力与各体征指标的关系。结果表明：银鲳的个体绝对生殖力ｒ、相对生殖力ｒ／Ｌ（绝对生殖力／体长）、ｒ／ｗ（绝对生殖力／体重）均服从正态分布。个体绝对生殖力ｒ和相对生殖力ｒ／Ｌ与各度量指标均为幂函数关系，与各称量指标则为线性相关，而个体相对生殖力ｒ／ｗ除了与性腺重、成熟系数相关外，与其它体征指标均不相关。本文还进一步给出了个体生殖力ｒ、ｒ／Ｌ、ｒ／ｗ均值的９５％置信区间及个体生殖力ｒ与各指标的多元回纳方程。     

3种农药对二点叶螨生命力及繁殖力的影响

采用室内盆栽和叶盘饲养二点叶螨的方法，测定了不同浓度的三氯杀螨醇、辛硫磷和敌杀死对二点叶螨生命力和繁殖力的影响。结果表明：三氯杀螨醇、辛硫磷和敌杀死在二点叶螨的卵期处理，对成的产卵量 有明显的刺激作用（高浓度三氯杀螨醇40mg/L除外），敌杀死50mg/L处理还可提高幼若螨的成活率，辛硫磷和杀死50mg/L幼螨期处理，可以延长成螨的寿命，增加产卵量50mg/L和100mg／L处理后对卵的发育速度和后代成活率均有不同程度的刺激作用，3种药剂50mg／L和三氯杀螨醇100mg／L成螨期处理，均可大幅度提高雌成螨的产卵量，硫磷和敌杀死不同浓度处理成螨后，其后代成活率有不同程度的降低，而三氯杀螨醇处理后则有所提高，3种药剂在成螨期处理后对卵孵化率无明显影响。     

不同毒力松材线虫杂交后代的繁殖力和致病力的比较

为了解松材线虫致病力及繁殖力的遗传变异规律,以松材线虫强毒虫株及弱毒虫株为亲本进行杂交试验,并对杂交后代的繁殖力和致病力进行比较。结果表明:不同亲本间杂交成功率不同,同一对亲本的正交、反交成功率亦不同。大多数杂交后代群体在灰葡萄孢上和马尾松苗体内的繁殖力与亲本之间差异显著。杂交后代群体及强毒亲本接种马尾松5周后的致萎蔫率达90%~100%,而弱毒亲本接种的植株在10周后仅20%出现轻微的萎蔫症状。统计分析表明,松材线虫致病力与其在树体内的繁殖力间存在中等程度的正相关性,与灰葡萄孢上的繁殖力相关性较弱。聚类分析表明,不同毒力松材线虫杂交后代群体的致病力与繁殖力之间没有亲缘关系偏向,繁殖力与致病力不存在伴性遗传。     

提高家畜繁殖力的主要途径

从加强选种、保证正常的发情生理机能、保证生产优良品质的精液等多个方面论述了提高家畜繁殖力的主要途径。     

马齿苋对果蝇寿命和繁殖力的影响

以黑腹果蝇为材料,探究1％、2．5％、5％、7．5％和10％（mL/100mL）浓度组马齿苋对果蝇寿命和繁殖力的影响．结果显示,各剂量组的马齿苋均能不同程度延长果蝇寿命、增强果蝇繁殖力,且对果蝇后代的雌雄比例无显著影响,其中2．5％浓度组与对照组相比差异极显著（P〈0．01）,最高延寿率和增殖率分别高达67．07％和42．98％．表明马齿苋具有延缓衰老和促进果蝇繁殖力的功效．