长白山地区熊蜂的访花偏爱性研究

对长白山地区7种熊蜂访问的主要蜜源植物的花形、花色、花味及花粉的形态结构进行了研究,总结出了熊蜂偏爱访问的蜜源植物的花部特征.结果表明:熊蜂偏爱访问具有圆锥花序、总状花序和聚伞花序的花,对于单生花,通常花形较大;访问的花冠类型以辐射对称和两侧对称为主;花多具有蜜腺,分泌花蜜;色泽艳丽,常为黄色或蓝紫色;花粉粒较大,形状多为长球形,具三孔沟,表面具网状纹饰;花的气味成分主要为酸类和酯类化合物,其中含有较高浓度的羟基丙酮、乙酸、甲酸、苯酚和9,12-十八碳二烯酸乙酯.     

Traditional and geometric morphometric analyses reveal homogeneity in European Scutacarus acarorum Goeze, 1780 populations (Acari: Scutacaridae: Heterostigmatina)

The mite Scutacarus acarorum (Scutacaridae, Heterostigmatina) is one of the dominant bumblebee inquilines in the Holarctic. The wide distribution and the host generalist behaviour of S. acarorum suggest that it could be a group of multiple cryptic species. European S. acarorum populations and a small population from New York were studied using traditional and geometric morphometric methods to detect possible geographical or host-dependent variation. The analyses revealed homogeneity of all populations, suggesting that the species experienced a bottleneck during the last ice age and that gene flow between the populations is maintained. High variability within populations indicates a high genetic diversity. No host-related morphological differences were detected, suggesting that S. acarorum is a true generalist. Fresh mite samples from locations all over the Holarctic are needed to draw further conclusions on the species’ phylogeography and also on its population genetic structure.     

Hydrocarbons in tarsal glands ofBombus terrestris

Summary Chemical components of tarsal glands ofBombus terrestris workers were identified by combined gas chromatographic/mass-spectrometric analysis. The 17 components are exclusively saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons.