论康德对洪堡特语言哲学思想的影响

洪堡特的语言哲学思想是语言学史上重要的一笔,它对现当代的语言学界具有很强的启发作用。洪堡特研究广博,一生著述纷繁,行文擅用比喻,语言较为晦涩难懂,为后世学者在解读和阐发其学术思想时造成诸多困难。了解洪堡特的学术背景对把握其思想,阐发新观点具有很重要的意义。德意志观念对洪堡特的影响不言而喻,而康德哲学是其中极为重要的一个环节。从洪堡特的语言精神起源论,语言世界观和他所推崇的人文主义的语言研究中都可以找到康德哲学对他的影响。     

红色的草原绿色的思想——从内布拉斯加拓荒小说析薇拉·凯瑟的生态思想

“人类”和“自然”是薇拉.凯瑟内布拉斯加系列拓荒小说的两大重要主题。在内布拉斯加大草原上,凯瑟以深情的笔触营造了一个个人与人和谐相处、人与自然互蕴共荣的生态世界,充分折射出其崇尚自然、关爱人类的现代生态意识和构建“和谐社会”的美好情怀。凯瑟的生态思想主要表现在:对自然内在价值的肯定,对人物共融境界的追求,以及对人与人关系谐和的期盼。     

马克思主义哲学教学方法的选择

在马克思主义哲学教学中,选择教学方法应从教学目的出发,以树立科学的世界观为目标,坚持引导与灌输相结合,并要考虑公共课实际情况。     

斑杂破碎的世界还是系统层次的世 界简

本文对英美科学哲学中的以南茜·卡特赖特为代表的史坦福学派新经验主义提出批评、剖析和讨论,认为南茜否定基本物理定律的普遍性的观点以72_她的“斑杂破碎的世界”是对一般科学方法论和系统科学方法论的一种d颠覆性的论证。清华大学吴彤教授根据新经验主义提出的《破碎的系统观》是我国系统哲学的一种新见解,也是很有启发性和颠覆性的,无论你赞成还是反对,都值得我们认真研究和讨论。本文认为系统科学的发展实际上已经正面解决了“南茜的质疑”。系统科学哲学研究的关键问题在于采取跨学科研究方法,具体地研究不同类型的系统。当今的主攻方向是要研究复杂系统的普遍规律及其突现行为,并用于解决我国开放改革遇到的各种全局性和局域性问题。世界是有系统的和有规律性的而不是班杂~,r4-和无规的。     

麦克白的痛苦和灾难——从《圣经》视野解读西方文学研究之二

《麦克白》与《圣经》之间存在知识、意象、观念三个范畴的明显联系。在这些联系中莎士比亚突出反映了麦克白的罪性、罪罚、罪灾以及由此遭受的种种内心痛苦和外部灾难。麦克白的悲剧首先是具有《圣经》基督教生命体验的人的悲剧     

数学真理的发展及其对自然观演变的启示

19世纪下半叶以来，数学与自然科学各自的发展及其相互关系呈现出许多新的特点。特别是20世纪以来诞生的各种数学新理论，正在逐步地改变着数学真理的传统观念。数学真理与自然法则的关系变得日益复杂和深化了。数学新的真理性质对自然观的变革产生了深远的影响。     

An Inquiry into the Historical Meaning of “The Fifth Discipline”

This paper shows a possible way to unfold the historical meaning of The Fifth Discipline. The thread of this way is the question about the new way to be human promoted by The Fifth Discipline. It is shown that this new way of being is not modern and coincides at several points with the ancient one. This situation is given two opposed interpretations. The first one points to a sort of a returning of our cultural worldview to the ancient one. A critique to this interpretation leads to a second possibility, which points to a radicalization of the instrumental trends of high modernity. Then a second critique is articulated which shows that the shift in the idea of humanity manifested by The Fifth Discipline remains obscure and problematic for our current way of thinking.     

Weaving, Bending, Patching, Mending the Fabric of Reality: A Cognitive Science Perspective on Worldview Inconsistency

In order to become aware of inconsistencies, one must first construe of the world in a way that reflects its consistencies. This paper begins with a tentative model for how a set of discrete memories transforms into an interconnected worldview, wherein relationships between memories are forged by way of abstractions. Inconsistencies prompt the invention of new abstractions. In regions of the conceptual network where inconsistencies abound, a cognitive analog of simulated annealing is in order; there is a willingness to question previous assumptions - to ‘loosen’ conceptual relationships - so as to let new concepts percolate through the worldview and exert the needed revolutionary effect. In so doing there is a risk of assimilating dangerous concepts. Repression arrests the process by which dangerous thoughts infiltrate the conceptual network, and deception blocks thoughts that have already been assimilated. These forms of self-initiated worldview inconsistency may evoke feelings of fragmentation at the level of the individual or the society. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.