一维周期和非周期体系的电子带谱及态密度

本文发展了一种重正化群方法,精确而系统地研究包含周期和非周期格子的一维体系的物理性质.该一体系的构造序列是选A、B两块并按膨胀规则{A、B}→{A~(m11)B~(m12),A~(m12)B~(m22)}排列成的.作为特例,计算了(M_(11),M_(12),M_(21),M_(22))=(1,1,1,0)(1,1,1,1)(1,2,1,1)和(2,1,1,1)几种一维格子的电子带谱和态密度,结果表明,较之其他方法,该方法具有系统性,而且分析结果与其他类似。     

（NPX2）3（X=F,Cl,Br,I）的几何构型和振动频率的MNDO研究

运用ＭＮＤＯ方法对标题化合物的几何构型和振动频率进行了理论计算，计算出来的结构参数与晶体Ｘ－射线实验数据一致；计算出来的捱劝频率与红外和拉曼光谱基本一致，最后，计算得出目前在实验上尚未报道的（ＮＰＩ２）３的上述两个方面的理论数据。     

顺式丁二烯及其一氟、一氯取代物电环化反应过程的量子化学研究

用密度泛函理论（DFT）的B3LYP方法在6－311＋＋G**基组水平上研究了cis-1,3-丁二烯及其一氟、一氯取代物电环化反应过程的微观机理，优化得到了反应途径上的反应物、过渡态和产物的几何构型，通过振动分析对过渡态进行了确认，并对优化得到的单点在QCISD（T）水平上计算了能量。研究结果表明：cis-1,3－丁二烯的氟、氯代衍生物各有两种构象，且均能发生环化反应，两种构象环化的产物是一致的；亚甲基上外侧的氢原子被氟、氯原子取代后，有利于环化反应的进行。     

甲烷与水分子氢键相互作用的理论研究

使用Gaussioan94程序包，在B3LYP／6—311G**基组水平上，对甲烷(CH4)与水分子(H2O)之间的所有相互作用方式进行优化．通过电子布居分析，发现在电子给予体O原子和电子接受体H原子间存在氢键，氢键的键长约为0．2574nm．振动模式分析表明，只有一种加合物是稳定的，势能面也证实了这一点．     

类He离子双电子S激发态的描述

在含有电子相互关系的薛定谔方程近似解的基础上，建立类Ｈｅ等电子离子双激发Ｓ态的能量与核电荷及量子数的依赖关系，并导出一能对高激发态能量进行定量分析的近似公式。     

The v-v energy transfer of highly vibrationally excited states (I)

The relaxation of the highly vibrationally excited CO (v = 1–8) by CO₂ is studied by timeresolved Fourier transform infrared emission spectroscopy (TR FTIR). 193 nm laser photolysis of the mixture of CHBr₃ with O₂ generates the highly vibrationally excited CO(v) molecules. TR FTIR records the intense infrared emission of CO(v→v-1). The vibrational populations of each level of CO(v) have been determined by the method of spectral simulation. Based on the evolution of the time resolved populations and the differential method, 8 energy transfer rate constants of CO(v = 1–8) to CO₂ molecules areobtained: (5.7±0.1), (5.9±0.1), (5.2±0.2), (3.4±0.2), (2.4±0.3), (2.2±0.4), (2.0±0.4) and (1.8±0.6) (10¹⁴ cm³ · molecule⁻¹ · s⁻¹), respectively. A two-channel energy transfer model can explain the feature of the quenching of CO(v) by CO². For the lower vibrational states of CO, the vibrational energy transfers preferentially to the u³ mode of CO² For the higher levels, the major quenching channel changes to the vibrational energy exchange between CO(v→v-1) and the u¹ mode of CO².     

The v-v energy transfer of highly vibrationally excited states (II)

The vibrational energy transfer from highly vibrationally excited CO to H₂O molecules is studied by time-resolved Fourier transform infrared emission spectroscopy (TR FTIR). Following the 193 nm laser photolysis of CHBr₃ and O₂ the secondary reactions generate CO(v). The infrared emission of CO(v → v−1) is detected by TR FTIR. The excitation of H₂O molecules is not observed. By the method of the spectral simulation and the differential technique, 8 rate constants for CO(v)/H₂O system are obtained: (1.7 ±0.1), (3.4 ±0.2), (6.2 ±0.4), (8.0 ±1.0), (9.0 ±2.0), (12 ±3), (16 ±4) and (18 ±7) (10¹³cm³ · molecule^-1· s^-1). At least two reasons lead to the efficient energy transfer. One is the contributions of the rotational energy to the vibational energy defect and the other is the result of the complex collision. With the SSH andab initio calculations, the quenching mechanism of CO(v) by H₂O is suggested.     

Ru原子高Rydberg态能级的唯象势计算

将文[4]提出的用于碱金属原子的唯象势推广到一般原子的高Rydberg态,并对Ru原子4d7（4F）ns（n＝28－45）和4d7（4F）nd（＝26－48）系列的Ryd－berg能级进行PWKB计算．在理论值与实验数据之间进行比较的基础上,讨论了所得结果的物理意义．     

只用两个偏振态的量子密码术方案

本文提出一种基于海森堡测不准关系的、只用两个非正交偏振态光子的量子密码术新方案,对其原理和防窃听性进行了详细的讨论,并和国际上流行的几种方案进行了比较。