含作业到达时间的同类机调度问题启发式算法

研究了目标函数是最小化完成时间和的同类机调度问题,其中作业到达时间可能不同.此问题被证明是强NP-hard问题.由于同类机调度是一种重要的平行机调度问题,而最小完成时间和目标是最常见的正则目标之一,因此完成时间和的同类机调度问题在相关研究领域具有非常重要的地位.为此问题建立数学模型,通过对单机和同型机的相应问题研究成果的推广,提出6个启发式算法,给出算例及其计算结果,并通过实验对算法的性能及算法适应的情形进行了分析.     

有机-矿质复合材料控释尿素在水稻上的应用效果

试验采用15N示踪的方法,在盆栽水稻上测试了3种新研制的控释尿素(控1、控2、控3)的应用效果。施用3种控释尿素的处理与施普通尿素相比,水稻的氮肥利用率分别增加了3 64、19 92和10 53个百分点,产量分别增加了34 59、18 56和8 66个百分点,控2处理的效果最好。图3,表2,参6。     

基于MMAS算法的带到达时间批调度问题研究

研究了工件带到达时间的目标为极小最大完工时间(Cmax)的单机批调度问题,采用最大-最小蚂蚁系统(max-min ant system,MMAS)进行求解.针对问题带到达时间以及分批的特性,提出了两种候选列表(candidate list)构建批序列,有效地缩小了搜索空间的维度;考虑两种候选列表的工件对构造解具有不同的影响,针对不同的候选列表设计了相应的启发式信息.仿真实验部分从求解质量和时间性能两方面比较了本文提出的算法和标准的蚂蚁系统(ant system,AS)算法以及使用不同候选列表的MMAS算法.结果表明,本文的算法在质量和时间两方面均全面优于标准的AS算法,而提出的候选列表使得该算法在大幅度提高时间性能的同时,仍然能够取得近似最优解,从而在求解质量和时间性能两方面取得平衡.     

Calcium release from frog sarcoplasmic reticulum by an imidazolyl reagent

Summary Calcium is released from the isolated heavy sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) of frog skeletal muscle upon application of 0.1–1 mM diethylpyrocarbonate (DEP, an imidazolyl reagent). The Ca-ATPase activity of SR was suppressed by 20% in the presence of 1 mM DEP. More than 1 mM of free magnesium ion or 5 M ruthenium red eliminated the effect of DEP on calcium release but not on Ca-ATPase activity. A plausible site of DEP action is on the calcium channel.     

Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide stimulates prolactin release in vivo in the ring dove (Streptopelia risoria)

Summary I.v. administration of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) to ring doves significantly elevated the plasma concentration of prolactin after 10 min in a dose-related manner. The plasma prolactin concentration of nonbreeding doves with low basal levels was increased by a similar amount as in brooding doves whose initially high concentration of plasma prolactin had been reduced by nest deprivation prior to treatment.     

The effect of ethanol on the biosynthesis and regulation of opioid peptides

Summary Alcoholism and alcohol abuse are serious health problems. Alcohol is known to influence the activity of a number of biological systems, for example the hormonal and neuronal systems. One of the biological systems whose activity is greatly influenced by alcohol is the endogenous opiate system. Alcohol modifies the function of both opiate receptors and opioid peptides. In fact it has been proposed that many of the effects of ethanol are mediated by its effects on the endogenous opiate system. This review will present results from various laboratories on the effects of acute and chronic ethanol treatments on various species, and on the release, biosynthesis and post-translational processing of the endorphins, enkephalins and dynorphins, the three known families of endogenous opioid peptides. Furthermore, the effect of acute and chronic ethanol consumption on the -endorphin system in man, and the possible implications of the functional activity of the endogenous opiate system for the genetic predisposition to alcoholism will be discussed.     

Determination of certain physical and chemical characteristics of the activating serum factor from preparturient women and women with habitual abortions

Summary Follow-up investigation of the blood sera from preparturient women and women with habitual, abortions showed the presence of a factor which has an activating effect on smooth muscle preparations because it causes the release of prostaglandins. Gel-chromatographic counter flow separation and microelectrophoresis of the blood sera have shown that the isolated serum factor is a water soluble glycopeptide with a molecular weight of about 2000.     

Releasable GABA in tubular epithelium of rat kidney

Summary The distribution of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in the rat kidney was examined by immunocytochemical techniques. GABA-like immunoreactivity (GABA-LI) was predominantly confined to the renal tubules, including the ascending parts of the distal tubules, and the loops of Henle, the collecting tubules and ducts, and the connective parts of the convoluted tubules. In GABA-positive cortical tubules, about half of the epithelial cells were labelled. The labelled cell type showed the ultrastructural features of principal cells. Depolarizing stimulation by ouabain and high K⁺ concentration evoked the efflux of endogenous GABA from kidney slices. The present findings, along with previous results, suggest that GABA released from renal tubular epithelium, and transported with the urine, might be involved in the modulation of contractility in the urinary tract.     

Tetanus toxin does not affect the release of noradrenaline and taurine from rat cerebral cortex slices evoked by high K+ and Na+-free media

Summary Noradrenaline and taurine release from superfused rat cerebral cortex slices was stimulated by potassium ions, veratrine, ouabain and omission of sodium ions. Tetanus toxin enhanced only the ouabain-evoked calcium-dependent noradrenaline release and the ouabain-evoked calcium-independent taurine release. The uptake of both was marginally affected.