可降解下腔静脉滤器的生物力学性能及有限元分析

利用有限元分析和径向支撑力测试,分析不同支撑杆数目对新型生物可降解下腔静脉滤器（inferior vena cava filters, IVCF）的生物力学性能的影响。应用三维建模软件建立支撑杆数目为8, 10, 12的IVCF模型;通过室温拉伸左旋聚乳酸得到其应力-应变曲线,使用Abaqus软件模拟分析3种支架在压握和自扩张过程中的生物力学性能;同时将3种IVCF进行径向支撑力测试。结果表明,3种支架的应力峰值不同,但应力分布趋势相同;其径向支撑力随支撑杆数目的增加而减小,自扩张性能则与之相反;10杆IVCF表现出较好的综合力学性能,经压握后不仅有足够的径向支撑力,而且可以实现自我扩张,对血管壁的损伤最小。     

结肠癌根治术中经门静脉属支一次性化疗预防肝转移

目的：预防结肠癌根治术后的肝转移。方法：自1992－1994年，我们对59例结肠癌患者施行结肠癌根治术，在术中从肠系膜上静脉或肠系膜下静脉或其它任何一个门静脉属支一次性注入5．Fu1．0克。结果：术后随访3年，肝转移年6．78％。结论：结肠癌根治术中经门静脉属支一次性化疗可明显降低肝转移率。     

恶性肿瘤合并上腔静脉综合征诊断分析

通过分析恶性肿瘤引起上腔静脉综合症的主要症状体征、致病原因和原发病变部位,旨在提高对恶性肿瘤引起上腔静脉综合症的认识。回顾分析有完整病例资料的恶性肿瘤合并上腔静脉综合症病例112例。发现112例患者中肺癌引起的上腔静脉综合症占85%,单纯右上肺癌引起的SVCS占48.4%。病理类型以小细胞肺癌最为多见,为38.4%。说明在右上肺小细胞癌患者诊治过程中应密切观察其症状体征,并定期检查肺CT以免漏诊上腔静脉综合症。     

不同时期肝硬化大鼠门静脉血与下腔静脉血中内源性硫化氢的比较

为观察H2S在不同时期肝硬化大鼠门静脉与下腔静脉血中浓度的变化,探索其在肝硬化发生发展过程中的作用.制备四氯化碳诱导的肝硬化大鼠模型,在第15d、第30d、第52d取大鼠门静脉及下腔静脉血检测H2S浓度.肝硬化早、中、晚期大鼠门静脉血和下腔静脉血中H2S的含量均显著低于正常对照组,且H2S浓度随着肝脏病变的加重而逐渐降低;在肝硬化中期及晚期,门静脉血中H2S的浓度明显低于下腔静脉.结果显示,实验性肝硬化大鼠门静脉血和下腔静脉血中H2S在肝硬化门脉高压高动力循环发生发展中起着重要作用.     

基于模糊集与区域生长算法的胎儿下腔静脉血管超声分割

本方研究了胎儿下腔静脉血管在B型超声图像中的分割问题.B型超声使用方便,在临床中有广泛使用,但其图像有噪声多、对比度差的缺陷.为了有效地在B型超声图像中分割血管,提出了一种基于模糊集与区域生长算法的分割算法;该算法预先使用模糊集算法处理,以提高图像对比度;并使用基于梯度改进的自适应区域生长算法进行分割.实验以医生的手工分割结果作为金标准,并与阈值分割和水平集算法进行了对比.实验表明,该方法的准确度和稳定性高于阈值分割和水平集分割方法结果.     

The neurosecretory system of the octopus vena cava: A neurohemal organ

Summary Endings of about two million small neurones form a voluminous neuropil inside the vena cava of cephalopods, in direct contact with the blood. These nerve endings are filled with masses of typical neurosecretory granules. By immunocytochemistry we could distinguish three different populations of secretory endings in the vena cava neuropil ofOctopus vulgaris: 1) a population of endings which were immunoreactive with antibodies against the pentapeptide proctolin; 2) a population with oxytocin/vasopressin- and neurophysin-like immunoreactivity; 3) a population immunoreactive with antibodies which were raised against the molluscan cardioexcitatory peptide Phe-Met-Arg-Phe-amide, against -melanotropin, and against atriopeptin. Extracts of the octopus vena cava stimulated amplitude and frequency of the isolated octopus heart preparation. Similar effects were exerted by peptides with the C-terminal structure-Arg-Phe-amide. Recently, we could isolate and identify in vena cava extracts four peptides; Phe-Met-Arg-Phe-amide, Phe-Leu-Arg-Phe-amide, Ala-Phe-Leu-Arg-Phe-amide and Thr-Phe-Leu-Arg-Phe-amide. Other peptides have not yet been identified. The fact that the peptides against which the immunoreactive antibodies were raised affected, in different organisms, blood volume, blood pressure, renal function and heart contraction suggests that one of the main functions of the neurosecretory system of the vena cava is a hormonal control of circulation.