红檵木种质资源及其遗传特性的研究进展

红檵木是檵木的变种,原产于湖南省浏阳大围山一带.自1935年引种栽培以来,红檵木因其花红叶艳在园林中得到广泛应用,其自然变异加速,短时期内选育出许多栽培类型.红檵木的起源、地理分布、栽培、品种选育等方面的研究已取得一定成果,但红檵木的遗传特性研究、新品种选育和利用还有待于进一步加强.     

2个红花槭品种适生砧木的筛选与培育技术

为了保持红花槭园艺品种的优良性状,开展了适合上海地区的砧木筛选和育苗技术研究。通过7种槭树幼苗的移栽试验,筛选出适应性强的种类和适合的栽培方法;通过嫁接试验,筛选出优良的砧穗组合;通过测定叶片变色过程中花青素的浓度差异,对接穗受到砧木的影响进行评价。结果表明有4种砧木的组合嫁接成活,红花槭嫁接苗成活率最高,三角枫嫁接苗的生长量最大;三角枫嫁接苗花青素的浓度比红花槭嫁接苗和进口大苗高,观赏期延长3~6d。红花槭、三角枫都可以作为两个品种的砧木,三角枫比红花槭砧更适合上海地区栽培。     

台湾海峡微型浮游动物的摄食压力及其对营养盐再生的贡献

于2005年3月台湾海峡的5个站位采样分析了微型浮游动物的空间分布,用稀释法研究了浮游植物的生长率和微型浮游动物对浮游植物的摄食压力,同时对微型浮游动物的氨氮产生率进行了推算.结果表明,各站微型浮游动物主要为红色中缢虫(Mesodinium rubrum)和以急游虫(Strombidiumspp.)为主的无壳纤毛虫,其次为异养甲藻-螺旋环沟藻(Gy-rodinium spirale)和砂壳纤毛虫.各类群在表层呈不均匀分布:红色中缢虫A6站最低,为425个/L,E2站达最大值,为27 125个/L,且在E2,E9和E13站占绝对优势,占微型浮游动物总量的84%以上;无壳纤毛虫丰度为203-5 025个/L,E13站最低,E2站最高;异养甲藻E9站表层没有分布,A6站达最大值,为463个/L;砂壳纤毛虫丰度为0-438个/L,F1站最高.垂直分布上,除A6站外,一般表现为表层多,中层和底层逐渐减少.表层浮游植物的生长率为0.36-0.50 d-1,微型浮游动物的摄食率为0.12-0.30 d-1,相当于每天摄食浮游植物现存量的11.09%-25.67%,初级生产力的28.38%-84.04%.利用微型浮游动物的摄食率推算其氨氮产生率为0.16-2.40 mg N/m3d,达到维持现场初级生产所需氮量的8.7%-28.1%.     

Hydrogen production by draTGB hupL double mutant of Rhodospirillum rubrum under different light conditions

To increase H2 yield of Rhodospirillum rubrum in two-stage hydrogen production process, two deletion mutants were constructed. One is single mutant designated R. rubrum UR801 that deleted hupL gene encoding the large subunit of uptake hy- drogenase, and the other is a double mutant desig- nated R. rubrum UR805 lacked both draTGB encod- ing regulators for the activity of nitrogenase and hupL. Comparing H2 yields of two mutants with R. rubrum UR2 (wild type) and UR472 (ΔdraTGB) under differ- ent light conditions, the results showed that the H2 yield of R. rubrum UR801 under continuous light is the highest (5700 mL of H2 per liter culture), and it is 1.56, 2.24 and 2.32-fold that of R. rubrum UR2, UR472 and UR805, respectively. However, the total H2 yield of R. rubrum UR805 in two-stage hydrogen production process is the highest (4303 mL/L), and it is 1.35, 1.21 and 1.04-fold that of R. rubrum UR2, UR801 and UR472, respectively. Thus, R. rubrum UR805 might be a valuable strain to produce a large amount of hydrogen in two-stage hydrogen produc- tion process.     

红檵木幼叶的水和醇水提取物抑菌活性分析

用蒸馏水和20%乙醇经微波辅助处理提取红檵木幼叶成分,对该水和醇水的提取物进行浓缩或萃取精制,采用牛津杯法测定水和醇水提取物样液对3种细菌的抑制效果,并用平板稀释法测定其最小抑菌浓度.幼叶水提取液对3种细菌都有明显的抑制作用,抑菌圈较大,对大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌和痢疾杆菌的最小抑菌生药质量浓度分别为 0.014,0.010,0.010 g/mL;幼叶的醇提取液对大肠杆菌的抑制效果不明显,对金黄色葡萄球菌和痢疾杆菌有较强抑制作用,其最小抑菌生药质量浓度分别为0.011,0.014 g/mL.     

高效液相色谱法分析红色毛癣菌麦角甾醇的含量

采用反相高效液相色谱法,建立了测定红色毛癣菌中麦角甾醇含量的方法.样品经过皂化、提取后定量测定.用Waters symmetry shieldTM RP C18色谱柱(4.6mm×150mm,5μm),流动相为100 %甲醇,流速为1.0 mL/min,检测波长为282 nm,保留时间定性,外标法定量.麦角甾醇的保留时间为8.9 min.麦角甾醇在0.93～29.75 mg/L浓度范围内,峰面积与浓度呈线性关系,相关系数分别为0.9998.添加回收率实验表明,麦角甾醇的平均添加回收率为94.8%～96.3%;相对标准偏差为1.8%～3.3%;麦角甾醇的最低检出浓度为0.008 mg/L.本方法准确、简便、重现性好,可用于真菌中麦角甾醇的含量测定.     

不同湿度对红花檵木叶色影响试验

采用分光光度法等对不同湿度条件下红花檵木叶片中的色素含量进行测定.结果表明:红花檵木生长期叶绿素含量会不断增加,类胡萝卜素含量同样不断累积增加,而花色素苷的含量则随之下降.试验证明高湿加高温会加快红花檵木的高温返青.所以在栽培中,遇到不可避免的高温时,应该尽可能的保证栽培环境通风良好,避免高温高湿加快花色素苷的分解.但又不是相对湿度越低越好,湿度适中更有利于减缓红花檵木叶片中花色素苷的降解,可在高温季节采取遮荫和喷水降温的措施,延缓叶片中花色素苷的降解.     

不同因素对红花檵木叶粉末吸附孔雀石绿的影响

以红花檵木叶粉末为吸附剂,探究吸附剂颗粒大小、染料初始pH值、染料初始质量浓度、吸附剂剂量、离子强度、不同金属离子等主要因素对孔雀石绿吸附的影响.实验结果表明,颗粒为80目、初始pH值6.0、染料初始质量浓度为80 mg/L、吸附剂量为50 mg时,吸附效果明显.离子强度为1 mol/L时,吸附效果最好;金属离子中以钠离子对染料吸附的影响最大.同时,对实验数据进行动力学模型拟合,结果表明吸附过程符合准二阶动力学模型.总的来说,红花檵木叶粉剂对孔雀石绿染料的吸附为化学吸附.     

Demosponges of the red coral bottoms from the Alboran Sea

This paper deals with a study of demosponge fauna inhabiting the red coral facies on the circalitoral bottoms surrounding the Alboran Island (Western Mediterranean, Alboran Sea). A total of 58 species were recognized, after examining a total of 107 sponges. Two of these species are new to science (Plakinastrella mixta sp. nov. and Leptolabis megachela sp. nov.) and another one (Rhaphidectyon spinosum Topsent) is recorded for the first time in the Mediterranean. Some other specimens collected belonging to poorly known species, such as Erylus papulifer Pulitzer-Finali, Isops anceps (Vosmaer), Spongosorites flavens Pulitzer-Finali and Timea cumana Pulitzer-Finali, are described briefly. Two controversial specimens, assigned to Microciona spinarcus and Plocamilla cf. novizelanica, are also described and discussed. A high degree of epibiosis and abundance of rare species were the major features characterizing the material studied.     

Hydrogen metabolic pathways of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Rhodospirillum rubrum</Emphasis> under artificial illumination

Multiple enzymes involved in hydrogen metabolism have been detected in photosynthetic bacterium Rhodospirillum rubrum un-der various growth conditions. To investigate hydrogen metabolic pathways and the contribution of each pathway to hydrogen photoproduction in R. rubrum under the artificial illumination condition, three mutants were constructed, including nifHanfDG double mutant lacking both Fe-nitrogenase and Mo-nitrogenase, anfDG mutant lacking Fe-nitrogenase and nifHhupL double mu-tant (uptake hydrogen...