Purealidin A,a new cytotoxic bromotyrosine-derived alkaloid from the Okinawan marine spongePsammaplysilla purea

Summary A new bromotyrosine-derived alkaloid with antileukemic activity, purealidin A (5), has been isolated from the Okinawan marine spongePsammaplysilla purea and its chemical structure elucidated on the basis of the spectroscopic data.     

Ceramide from the Marine Sponge Phyllospongia sp

从中国南海海绵Ｐｈｙｌｏｓｐｏｎｇｉａｓｐ．中分离得到了一个神经酰胺类化合物Ｐｈｙｌ－ｌｏａｍｉｄｅＡ，它的结构通过波谱方法和化学方法确定．     

Two classes of metabolites fromTheonella swinhoei are localized in distinct populations of bacterial symbionts

The marine spongeTheonella swinhoei (lithistid Family Theonellidae, Order Astrophorida) has yielded many important, bioactive natural products, most of which share structural features with bacterial natural products. The presence of microbial symbionts inT. swinhoei has been reported, and it was originally suggested that the cytotoxic macrolide swinholide A and many of the bioactive cyclic peptides fromT. swinhoei were all produced by symbiotic cyanobacteria. By transmission electron microscopy, we found four distinct cell populations to be consistently present inT. swinhoei: eukaryotic sponge cells, unicellular heterotrophic bacteria, unicellular cyanobacteria and filamentous heterotrophic bacteria. Purification and chemical analyses of each cell type showed the macrolide swinholide A to be limited to the mixed population of unicellular heterotrophic bacteria, and an anti-fungal cyclic peptide occurred only in the filamentous heterotrophic bacteria. Contrary to prior speculation, no major metabolites were located in the cyanobacteria or sponge cells.     

利用贫矿资源生产海绵铁的前景

概述了国内外煤基回转窑生产海绵铁的发展状况，介绍了成熟的ＳＬ－ＲＮ直接还原铁生产工艺，探讨了利用贫矿资源生产海绵铁的发展前景。     

取心工具用大尺寸疏水吸油海绵的制备与吸油性能研究

海绵取心工具(取心衬筒)中一种关键材料是高吸油海绵,为了满足钻井取心的使用需求,需要制备大尺寸、超疏水的吸油海绵。利用多巴胺(DA)氧化自聚(以NaIO₄为氧化剂)以及聚多巴胺(PDA)与疏水剂(十八胺,ODA)的反应,采用一步和两步浸涂法对小尺寸(30 mm×30 mm×10 mm)和大尺寸(910 mm×400 mm×10 mm)商用三聚氰胺海绵进行疏水改性;利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)观察改性海绵的表面形貌,并测定其水接触角和吸油性能。结果表明：改性海绵表面形成了PDA粒子,两步法所得改性海绵的表面粒子细密、均匀;增大DA的质量浓度和提高氧化剂含量,海绵表面PDA粒子增多。确定了海绵改性的最优条件：DA质量浓度为4～6 mg/mL,DA与NaIO₄的质量比为1∶1,海绵在ODA溶液中的浸泡时间为2～4 h。在小尺寸样品研究结果的基础上,将大尺寸海绵在DA溶液中浸泡1 min,在空气中放置2 h,然后与ODA溶液反应4 h进行改性,所得大尺寸改性海绵的表面水接触角为152.6°,10 s时吸油量达90 g/g,并且多次吸油、析油后仍保持较...     

一类Sierpinski海绵的Hausdorff测度

对每一个ｍ≥１,定义一个Ｓｉｅｒｐｉｎｓｋｉ海绵,它们的Ｈａｕｓｄｏｒｆ维数为１,它们的１－维Ｈａｕｓｄｏｒｆ测度被完全确定．     

XXXIX.—The Hippoboscidæ (Diptera) recorded from Ceylon

Summary

The most profitable ways of collecting chalcids are discussed, namely by sweeping, suction sampler, beating, pyrethrum spray, rearing, Malaise traps, yellow pan traps, suction traps, pitfall traps and extraction from leaf litter or grass tussocks. Methods of preserving chalcids are also outlined, with particular emphasis on storing all unmounted material dry rather than in alcohol. The techniques of sweeping, card mounting specimens and slide preparation are described in detail.     

卷丹百合鳞片育苗技术研究

为探索适于卷丹百合鳞片扦插育苗的有效方法,对在不同基质上(悬空海绵组10个处理,盆栽组6个处理)培养80d后鳞片的生长进行研究.结果表明:(1)悬空海绵组在海绵筒中加入的粉状活性炭高度越高鳞片生长状况越差,其中活性炭高度为0.2~0.3cm时鳞片的生长指标最优,生根率为86.33%,叶片抽生率为83.33%,生根系数为2.33,增殖系数达2.97,腐烂率仅为3.33%.(2)悬空海绵组与盆栽组在细沙中加入活性炭的量越多鳞片长势越差;基质相同时,前者培养的鳞片生长状况优于后者.采用悬空海绵法培育卷丹百合鳞片,操作简单、鳞片生长好,增殖多,是其鳞片扦插育苗的一种新方法.     

New and little-known species of Didemnidae (Ascidiacea,Tunicata) from Australia (part I)

Continuing examination of colonial ascidians in museum collections is revealing further diversity in the family Didemnidae, which abounds in the tropical Indo-West Pacific and around the Australian continent (Kott, 2001). From the present work, it is apparent that much remains to be learnt about this fauna. Of the 45 species discussed in this paper, 16 are new. Larvae are described for the first time for Polysyncraton pedunculatum Kott, 2001 and P. rica Kott, 2001. Amongst the synonymy established in this paper Didemnoides tropicum Sluiter, 1909 is found to be a junior synonym of Lissoclinum patella (Gottschaldt, 1898) and Trididemnum vermiforme Kott, 2001 a junior synonym of T. nobile Kott, 2001. Didemnum nekozita Tokioka, 1967 is found to be a valid species distinct from Polysyncraton cuculliferum (Sluiter, 1909). Prolific replication rates, rapid colony growth, flexibility in growth form and a viviparous habit result in convergence tending to small zooid size, and similar large, increasingly complex colonies found in this family contribute to species diversity around the whole of the Australian continent.     

裂解温度对聚硅氧烷制备SiOC泡沫陶瓷性能的影响

采用陶瓷先驱体聚硅氧烷为原料,利用先驱体转化法与有机泡沫浸渍法相结合制备SiOC泡沫陶瓷.研究了聚硅氧烷的裂解温度对泡沫陶瓷抗压强度的影响,采用XRD,SEM及EDS对SiOC泡沫陶瓷进行了物相、微观结构及成份分析.结果表明,当裂解温度为1250℃时所获泡沫陶瓷的抗压强度最高,达10.8 MPa.微观结构分析显示,SiOC泡沫陶瓷呈三维网状结构,具有良好的贯通性,气孔率达到80%.