High precision topographic data on Lop Nor basin's Lake "Great Ear" ? and the timing of its becoming a dry salt lake

High precision elevation measurements using DGPS were carried out along three representative tran- sects for the "Great Ear" area, a dry salt lake within the Lop Nor basin. Results indicate that the Lop Nor basin is only 5.2 m deep and its lowest point occurs at the center of the "Great Ear". In addition, the basin is asymmetric - steeper in the southwest (0.19‰) and gentler in the northeast (0.09‰). Points along the same "Great Ear" ring were found to have an identical elevation value, but different when from different ones (lower towards the center). The spacing of the "Great Ear" rings was found to be closely related with the surface steepness. The closer the "Great Ear" rings are spaced, the steeper the ground surface, and vice versa. These findings support the argument that the "Great Ear" rings are the former shoreline trails left behind by Lop Nor water during the last few episodes of recession towards its total dry up. A comprehensive analysis of the high precision elevation data, historical accounts, aerial and satellite photographs and imagery, and official topographic maps of the study area suggests that the "Great Ear" area in the Lop Nor basin was incorrectly mapped as being covered by a great body of water on the 1963 topographic maps. A re-interpretation of the 1958 aerial photographs and newer remote sensing imagery indicated that the "Great Ear" ring structure was already in place in 1958 and it continued to appear on the subsequent remote sensing data without any major changes. It is estimated that lake water in the "Great Ear" area of the Lop Nor basin disappeared between the late 1930s and early 1940s.     

强化传热生物质燃料热风炉研究

研制出用于粮食及其它农副产品干燥的新型热风炉。此炉型采用生物质燃料洁净燃烧技术及高强化传热技术,具有低污染、高效率、长寿命等优点。     

真空冷冻干燥机凝结器的改进

分析了真空冷冻干燥机水汽凝结器存在容易造成"冰塞"的原因,并提出了安装气流扩散器的改进方法,对改进前后的凝结器捕水性能进行了比较.由于气流扩散器的安装,捕水周期得以延长,捕水能力及工作效率显著提高,实用性较好,而且扩散器的制作费用低,性价比高,有推广价值.     

常温条件下颗粒污泥处理含铅废水

对未经驯化的颗粒污泥处理含铅废水进行了初步实验研究.结果表明,颗粒污泥对含铅废水具有较高的去除能力,铅去除率在95%以上.颗粒污泥的加入量、废水酸度、沉降时间是影响处理效果的主要因素.通过对20mg/L的含铅试水进行处理,铅达到了排放标准.     

两性木素絮凝剂用于污泥的调质处理

以木素为原料制备了两性絮凝剂LSDC，并将其用于污泥的调质处理。实验结果表明LSDC可使污泥沉降速度提高至原始污泥的1．25倍，污泥的过滤比阻则降低至原始污泥的40％左右，泥饼含水率由93％降低至80％。两性木素絮凝剂在污泥调质处理中的应用为木素的高附加值利用提供了新的途径。     

化学一级强化+悬浮填料活性污泥处理污水

针对浙江无锡市惠山区新建的惠山污水处理厂设计工艺,采用化学一级强化处理工艺及悬浮填料活性污泥法,并且就这两种工艺结合组成的二级强化处理工艺在工程实践中的应用作了技术可靠性和经济合理性分析.得出化学一级强化及悬浮填料活性污泥法的处理工艺具有工程投资省、适应水质变化操作灵活等优点.但由于没有太多运行经验,所以需要一个逐步摸索的过程.     

盘式干燥器的理论分析及实验研究

盘式连续干燥器属于连续式搅拌物料传导干燥,本文应用Ｅ．Ｕ．Ｓｃｈｌｕｎｄｅｒ和Ｎ．Ｍｏｌｅｋｏｐｅ针对间歇式搅拌物料传导干燥提出的“扩散理论”对盘式连续干燥器中物料的干燥特性进行了分析。并在此基础上计算了物料的干燥速率和料层温度。聚氯乙烯树脂的干燥实验表明,计算值与实验值符合的较好,聚氯乙烯树脂的搅拌数在７至２１之间。     

小麦流态化干燥实验关联式及在热泵流化床谷物干燥中的应用

基于流化床干燥理论,采用热风循环充分的电热烘箱作为干燥器,对小麦进行了一系列的薄层干燥实验研究,模拟小麦流态化干燥过程,总结出适用于流化床小麦干燥时间预测的经验回归公式.开发了热泵流化床谷物干燥实验系统,并将小麦干燥的经验回归公式应用于此实验台的干燥实验过程.结果表明,小麦干燥经验回归式可用于预测小麦在流态化条件下的干燥时间,所开发的热泵流化床谷物干燥装置经济性合理,有市场应用前景.     

高压电场干燥技术在中药材干燥中的应用

在中药材、中药饮片及制药中间产品的传统干燥技术工艺中,存在着物料升温过高致使有效成分损失严重、生产时间长、能源消耗高、卫生不合格等问题.利用高压电场干燥技术对化橘红果和化橘红片进行了干燥试验及热风、真空干燥的对比试验,并对干燥后样品的有效成分作了实际检测.结果表明:高压电场干燥技术能够提高化橘红果和化橘红片的干燥速度,并且对有效成分可最大限度的保留.说明高压电场干燥技术是中药材加工领域里一项实用、有效的新型技术.     

剩余污泥的处理与处置技术

剩余污泥的处理与处置是个世界性的难题。这里阐述了剩余污泥处理与处置的基本技术路线，分析各种剩余污泥处理与处置方法的优点和缺点，并将清洁生产概念引入污泥减量化中，提出在系统中实现对剩余污泥的减量化。