渣油加氢微膨胀床反应器中的气液流动状态及床层膨胀率

在常温常压下用模拟渣油和模拟氢气近似模拟了微膨胀床渣油加氢处理反应器内的气液流动状态,考察了催化剂粒径和堆密度、虚拟气液流速以及催化剂装填高度对催化剂床层膨胀率的影响。实验结果表明:大粒径、低堆密度的催化剂床层膨胀率较高;虚拟气速与床层膨胀率关系曲线上存在拐点,拐点值随催化剂装填高度增加而增大;虚拟液体流速对催化剂床层膨胀率影响较小;在工业操作条件下,微膨胀床渣油加氢处理反应器的催化剂床层膨胀率小于10%;催化剂装填高度对床层膨胀率有明显的影响,催化剂装填量较大时,需要采用较高的气油比才能保证催化剂床层处于微膨胀状态。     

改性秸秆膨胀床与固定床吸附去除SO_4~(2-)

含硫酸根离子(SO42-)废水可对环境造成危害,在排放之前需降低SO42-浓度.本文利用改性秸秆阴离子吸附剂制备吸附柱,分别在膨胀床和固定床操作下进行动态吸附实验,研究改性秸秆阴离子吸附柱去除SO42-的性能.结果表明,在改性秸秆膨胀床操作中,膨胀率随流速提高而线性增大;随膨胀率的增加,膨胀床去除SO42-的穿透时间缩短,柱吸附量降低,膨胀率不宜大于25%;在改性秸秆固定床操作中,随高径比的增加,吸附柱去除SO42-的穿透时间延长;而随进水SO42-浓度和流量的增加,床层工作时间显著缩短;在实验流量下,膨胀床的处理效果略优于固定床.SO42-解吸实验表明,0.1 mol/L NaOH溶液解吸效果最佳,是合适的吸附柱再生液.     

Approximation solvability of hot rolling problem with Coulumb friction

For hot rolling process, the property of gradient mapping of the plastic deformation power rate func- tional is discussed with a rigid-plastic slightly compressible material model. Using the existence and monotonicity of sub-differential of surface friction power rate functional as well as the nonlinear functional analysis methods, the approximation solvability of hot rolling problem with simplified Coulumb friction is obtained.     

微交联氟碳丙烯酸酯乳液的制备

以有机氟碳单体、丙烯酸酯等为共聚单体,引入交联剂制备微交联氟碳丙烯酸酯乳液。探讨交联剂、乳化剂、引发剂、氟单体等对乳液的影响。红外光谱分析结果表明氟碳单体已键接到聚合物主链上。在单体中加入交联剂二乙烯基苯(DVB),使用R-A/R-D复配乳化剂,n(R-A)︰n(R-D)=0.5,w(引发剂)=0.4%,w(氟单体)=20%时制备的乳液性能较好,转化率达到98.31%,凝聚物量0.42%,乳胶膜接触角达到77°,吸水率仅为8.89%。     

Advanced Treatment of Wastewater and Slightly Deteriorated Raw Water by Biological Activated Carbon Method under Rich Oxygen Condition

Rich oxygen-biological activated carbon(RO-BAC)method developed from traditional BAC method is a sys-tem in which high pressure is applied to improve the oxy-gen concentration of the influent.Experiment withwastewater and the slightly deteriorated raw water showsthe system is an effective option for advanced treatmentof industry wastewater and pretreatment of slightly dete-riorated raw water.The experiment results and the in-fluential factors are discussed in this paper.     

小黏性气体振动特征值的二阶摄动解

探讨了求一类满足边界平坦性条件的有界域内小黏性气体微振动的单特征值的更高阶摄动解 .利用边界层展开法 ,匹配特征值所满足的内场和外场微分方程 ,得到特征值的二阶摄动解 ,并为解决相近的振动特征值问题提供了一个可行的求解途径     

刚塑性可压缩材料模型热轧过程的逼近问题

针对刚塑性可压缩材料模型热轧过程,利用塑性变形功率泛函梯度映射的强单调和连续性以及在常用的Kobayashi摩擦条件下表面摩擦功率泛函的凸性和可微性,总能耗率泛函是严格凸,强制且可微的泛函·并借助于非线性分析的方法,得到了总能耗率泛函的逼近可解性·     

奇数阶中立型微分方程微正解或微负解判据

本文给出了奇数阶中立型微分方程在不同的变系数情形下微正解或微负解存在的判据。     

微膨胀床反应器压降及轴向扩散特性研究

以多孔的球、齿球和三叶草形催化剂为填充颗粒,考察了微膨胀床反应器的床层压降及液相总的和局部的轴向扩散特性。结果表明,3种催化剂床层压降都随表观液速的增大而增大,随表观气速的增大而减小;球形催化剂的床层压降最大,三叶草形催化剂的床层压降最小。通过示踪-响应法测定示踪剂在微膨胀床反应器中的停留时间分布,求取了床层总的和局部的彼克列数Pe。结果表明,3种催化剂总的彼克列数都随表观液速的增大而增大,随表观气速的增大而减小;局部的彼克列数随着催化剂床层轴向高度的增加而减小。3种催化剂床层的总的彼克列数大小依次为:球形最大,齿球形次之,三叶草形最小。     

Treatment of Slightly Polluted Wastewater in an Oil Refinery Using a Biological Aerated Filter Process

The slightly polluted wastewater from oil refinery contains some COD, oil pollutants and suspended solids （SS）. A small-scale fixed film biological aerated filter （BAF） process was used to treat the wastewater. The influences of hydraulic retention time （HRT）, air/water volume flow ratio and backwashing cycle on treatment efficiencies were investigated. The wastewater was treated by the BAF process under optimal conditions： the HRT of 1.0 h, the air/water volume flow ratio of about 5 ： 1 and the backwashing cycle of every 4-7 days. The results showed that the average removal efficiency of COD, oil pollutants and SS was 84.5%, 94.0% and 83.4%, respectively. And the average effluent concentration of COD, oil pollutants and SS was 12.5, 0.27, 14.5 mg·L^-1, respectively. The experimental results demonstrated that the BAF process is a suitable and highly efficient method to treat the wastewater.