基于地质统计学的关宝山铁矿品位模型基础储量估算

以鞍钢集团所属关宝山铁矿为例,运用地质统计学相关原理建立地质数据库、地质构造模型、矿体实体模型和实验半变异函数、拟合实验半变异函数的数学模型,然后进行交叉验证,证明估计的无偏性。结果表明:在数据不充足的情况下,地质统计学在矿床品位估计方面可以作为对"距离幂次反比法"的一种补充。     

普通Kriging法在空间插值中的运用

目的为提高矿产出储量计算的精确性。方法运用普通克里格法解决空间插值问题。针对地质人员采集数据信息的局限性,采用普通克里格插值方法弥补数据量的缺乏。对新疆贝克滩水系沉积物化探数据进行空间分析。结果预测值参数——均值为106.39,峰度为-0.30,最大值为148.76,标准差为27.57,偏度为-1.12,最小值为53.91;交叉验证法参数:指标值为10.86。结论通过交叉检验、QQ检验、预测直方图方法验证表明,采用普通克里格法得到的预测值效果较好。     

汾西灌区冬小麦田间土壤含水量空间分布研究

选取山西省临汾市汾西灌区一块约20 hm2的冬小麦试验田,在实测田间土壤含水量的基础上,利用地统计学方法,分析了田间土壤含水量的空间变异结构,并采用克里金插值技术研究了冬小麦田间土壤含水量的空间分布格局,为灌区墒情检测和农田灌溉管理提供科学指导.     

普通Kriging法在空间内插中的运用

用克里格法进行插值不仅能获得预测结果，而且能够获得预测误差．克里格法也是求线性最优、无偏内插的一种方法．该方法优于最近距离插值、距离反平方插值等任何一种线性插值方法．普通克里格法在克里格法中是使用较广泛的一种方法．     

Temporal and spatial variability response of groundwater level to land use/land cover change in oases of arid areas

This paper conducts a case study on the impacts of land use/cover change （LUCC） on the temporal and spatial variability of the groundwater level in an arid oasis in the Sangong River Watershed by using the geographical information system （GIS）, remote sensing （RS） and geostatistical methods. The temporal and spatial variability of the groundwater level in the watershed in 1978, 1987 and 1998 is regressed by using the＇semivariogram model and Kriging interpolation. The LUCC classification maps derived from the aerial images in 1978, Landsat TM image in 1987 and Landsat ETM image in 1998 are used to superpose and analyze the conversion relationship of LUCC types in the regions with different isograms of the groundwater depth. The results show that the change of groundwater recharge was not so significant in the whole oasis, but the temporal and spatial LUCC was significant either in the normal flow periods or in the high flow periods during the 20-year period from 1978 to 1998, and there was a close correlation between them. There is generally a moderate spatial correlation of groundwater level （33.4%） and the spatial autocorrelation distance is 17.78 km. The regions where the groundwater level is sharply changed are also the regions where the land resources are increasingly exploited, which include mainly the exploitation of farmlands, woodlands, and building, industrial and mining lands. The study reveals that the LUCC affects strongly the temporal and spatial variability of the groundwater level in the arid oasis. The study results are of direct and practical significance for rationally utilizing shallow groundwater resources and maintaining the stability of the arid oasis.     

基于地统计方法的中国西部气温空间插值研究

利用基于地统计学的简单克里格、普通克里格、协克里格及综合方法4种插值方法对中国西部地区的气温估计结果进行比较研究.气温的空间分布格局和交叉验证结果表明在考虑高程信息后协克里格和综合方法比简单克里格和普通克里格的效果好.相比之下,协克里格比综合方法有更多奇异值出现；其他指标也表明综合方法优于其他3种插值方法.     

遥感图象信噪比的估算

信噪比是衡量遥感仪器性能的一项重要指标,图象信噪比反映图象中信号与噪声的比值．本文回顾了从图象本身来获得信噪比的一般方法,通过分析,采用图象分块统计与半方差图两种方法对两块ＴＭ 与ＳＰＯＴ影象的信噪比进行了计算,同时,给图象加入高斯随机噪声进行对比研究．结果表明,图象信噪比与信号水平以及地物覆盖类型相关,所得出的结果能够正确反映图象质量