电动势的测定及其应注意的问题

本课题通过用不同的方法测定的电动势分析,经过电动势测定的误差分析,找到各种方法的利弊,并且对电极制备以及测定电动势的装置进行改进,近而对问题进行探讨。改进后找到实验和研究的捷径,从而在高等学校化学实验以及生产中节省很多的人力和财力。     

咪唑季铵盐棉纤维制备及其对DOSO_3~-吸附性能研究

本文用20%的NaOH溶液对棉纤维的预处理、醚化、接枝合成工艺进行了优化;在不同条件下,研究了咪唑季铵盐棉纤维对DOSO~-_3的吸附性能.结果表明,用NaOH预处理棉纤维后,在适当的条件下醚化棉纤维素,再用氢氧化钠作催化剂,按3 g环氧基纤维素醚与10 mL甲基咪唑配比接枝,得到白色味唑季铵盐纤维素.用咪唑季铵盐棉纤维对DOSO~-_3进行吸附,吸附率可达91.8%,吸附效果令人满意.     

水溶性光疗药物TPPS4的合成及提纯的研究

研究旨在改进光疗药物水溶性四(对磺酸钠苯基)卟啉(TPPS4)的合成方法，特别是产物的提纯方法。以四苯基卟啉为原料，经氯磺酸或浓硫酸处理合成TPPS4，然后进行以渗析和萃取分液为主的后处理。     

光照诱发雪鸡恢复性机能活动

采用联合光照方法，使处于性休止期的雪鸡恢复性机能活动。雄性可产出形态正常的精子；雌性输卵管发育并能产卵，由此揭示：采用联合先照技术，有助于改变雪鸡季节性繁衍后代的习性。     

盐胁迫对作物形态和生理过程的影响

论述了盐胁迫对作物生长发育及主要生理过程的影响以及盐分对作物造成的直接及间接危害 ,为在盐渍条件下育种及栽培提供理论上的依据     

电镀添加剂的NMR定量分析

本文叙述了用于定量分析电镀添加剂中丙烯磺酸钠和糖精钠的快速、准确、精密的ＮＭＲ分析方法．该方法是依据每个组分的ＮＭＲ特征信号和用作内标的四甲基澳化按ＮＭＲ信号的积分比值建立的，各组分不需要预先分离．     

The melatonin rhythm: both a clock and a calendar

The paper briefly reviews the data which shows that the circadian production and secretion of melatonin by the pineal gland can impart both daily, i.e., clock, and seasonal, i.e., calendar, information to the organism. The paper summarizes the 3 patterns of nocturnal melatonin production that have been described. Clearly, regardless of the pattern of nocturnal melatonin production a particular species normally displays, the duration of nightime elevated melatonin is proportional to the duration of the night length. Since daylength under natural conditions changes daily the melatonin rhythm, which adjusts to the photoperiod sends time of year information to the organism. The melatonin receptors which subserve the clock message sent by the pineal gland in the form of a melatonin cycle may reside in the biological clock itself, namely, the suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN). The melatonin receptors that mediate seasonal changes in reproductive physiology are presumably those that are located on the pars tuberalis cells of the anterior pituitary gland. Besides these receptors which likely mediate clock and calendar information, melatonin receptors have been described in other organs. Interestingly, the distribution of melatonin receptors is highly species-specific. Whereas the clock and calendar information that the melatonin cycle imparts to the organism relies on cell membrane receptors, a fact that is of some interest considering the high lipophilicity of melatonin, recent studies indicate that other functions of melatonin may require no receptor whatsoever.     

Catecholamine metabolism in the vas deferens and the adrenal gland with special reference to the central catecholamine-depleted state

Experiments were carried out to elucidate the role of central catecholamines in regulating catecholamine metabolism in the vas deferens and adrenal gland of the rat. Rats were injected intracerebroventricularly (i.c.v.) with either vehicle or 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA). Groups of animals pretreated with vehicle or 6-OHDA (i.c.v.) were injected intraperitoneally (i.p.) with alpha-methyl-para-tyrosine (AMT), a tyrosine hydroxylase inhibitor. Catecholamine turnover rates were estimated by determining norepinephrine or epinephrine content after administrating AMT.Central norepinephrine and dopamine contents decreased significantly (p<0.05) after treatment with 6-OHDA and AMT. The norepinephrine content of the vas deferens of rats pretreated with 6-OHDA was markedly reduced (p<0.001) after administration of AMT, whereas that of the vehicle-treated rats remained unchanged. Administration of 6-OHDA had no effect on the norepinephrine or epinephrine content of the adrenal gland.The present results indicate that central monoaminergic neurons have an inhibitory effect on the adrenergic neurons of the vas deferens. In contrast, this inhibitory regulation does not appear to be exerted on the adrenal glands.     

慢性萎缩性胃炎与正常胃活检组织RNA分布的研究

采用异硫氰酸荧光素（FITC）标记的核糖核酸酶（FITC－RNase）作为探针，结合半薄切片技术，观察了慢性萎缩性胃炎与正常胃活检组织中RNA的分布变化，结果表明：慢性萎缩性胃啖腺体细胞内RNA明显减少，分布部位与正常胃腺体细胞差异较大，这些结果于慢性萎缩性胃炎的病理诊断提供了一些依据，对进一步从分子水平上研究慢性萎缩性胃炎的病理变化及其与胃癌的关系具有一定的意义。     

低盐重碱中氯化钠含量测定方法的改进

文章针对纯碱企业低盐重碱分析中氯化钠含量难以准确测定这一难题,提出了加大称样量、加热除氨、硝酸中和除二氧化碳的改进方法,并通过实验对改进方法的可行性和准确性进行了验证,取得了满意的效果。