蝗虫体内无机物的百分含量

动物体的鲜重(FM)、干重(DM)、灰分重(AM)及其比值在不同分类群和不同生态型的动物类群中变化很大,其中 DM/FM 和 AM/DM 比值反映了动物体水、无机矿物质和有机物三者之间的比例,是了解动物体化学组成的两个重要参数.我们在进行直翅目蝗总科昆虫整体痕量元素含量分析的同时,测定和计算了35种蝗总科昆虫的AM/DM 比值,现将结果以及其它主要动植物类群的有关资料一并介绍如下.     

发电厂相变干冷排热系统优化与不确定性分析初探

通过火力发电厂相变空气干式冷却排热系统的热经济学分析，提出了相变干式冷却系统优化的目标函数和优化参数，利用数值计算的可变容差法进行优化计算，取得了满意的结果，为了保证优化在可变经济环境的可靠性动力稳定性， 对优化结果进行了不确定性分析。     

浅谈适龄母猪的饲养管理

针对适龄母猪在妊娠期、分娩期、哺乳期等3个不同的生理阶段的特点。介绍了适龄母猪的饲养管理技术，并对母猪不同症状提出了相应的解决措施。     

Impoverishment of Soil Nutrients in Gully Erosion Areas in Yuanmou Basin

The impoverishment of soil nutrients of nine gully head areas in Yuanmou Basin is assessed through an integrated evaluation method established on the basis of Fuzzy mathematics and multivariate mathematical theory. Results show that soil erosion of gully erosion area in Yuanmou basin has resulted in severe impoverishment of soil nutrients. All gully head areas are at high leves of impoverishment except for one at middle. By probing into and analyzing the mechanism of impoverishment of soil nutrients, we find that soil erosion has led to impoverishment of soil nutrients in a way of compacting soil, heightening position of obstacle horizon, and reducing the content of organic matter, as well as the direct loss of nutrient elements. Finally, this paper points out that soil and water conservation arming at the prevention of soil erosion is the most effective way against impoverishment of soil nutrients in Yuanmou basin.     

双密度层空气重介流化床的研究

对双密度层空气重介流化床的形成和分选过程进行了研究,论证了现有的空气重介流化床难于进行有效的三产品分选,确定了具有锥形过渡段的特殊床型结构,形成了可用于三产品分选的双密度层空气重介流化床.     

干湿循环法制备抗菌性 5A 沸石

本文探索了制备抗菌性沸石的新方法———干湿循环处理法,采用５Ａ沸石分别与抗菌性离子Ｚｎ２＋、Ａｇ＋、Ｃｕ２＋的溶液进行干湿循环处理,制备抗菌性５Ａ沸石。研究了反应条件,如温度、浓度、循环次数对沸石中抗菌性离子含量的影响,找出了最佳反应条件。测试了抗菌性５Ａ沸石的耐洗涤性能和抗菌性５Ａ沸石对黑曲霉菌、大肠杆菌及嗜热脂肪芽胞杆菌的抗菌效果。研究结果表明,干湿循环法制备抗菌性沸石,具有抗菌性离子含量多,抗菌性能好,方法简便,反应时间短,节约原料等优点。     

BP模型在降雨径流预报中的应用研究

简要介绍了人工神经网络用于洪水预报的基本原理,对降雨径流预报的网络模型进行了改进。为了避免陷于局部极小值和缩短学习时间,采用了改进的自适应BP算法进行洪水预报,开发了基于BP模型的洪水预报系统,并经过山西省文峪河水库的实测资料进行了预报,取得了令人满意的精度。     

颅骨弹性模量时效性的实验研究

采用猪颅骨为实验材料，使用应变电测法对颅骨各层弹性模量随风干时间的变化规律进行了实验研究。实验结果表明：密质骨弹性模量约是松质骨弹性模量的2．5倍，松质骨对颅骨弹性模量的影响有限；猪颅骨单层密质骨和整体的弹性模量相差约13．9％；冷冻后经室温下自然解冻的猪颅骨单层密质骨的弹性模量变化量相当于新鲜密质骨的9．2％，单纯板障松质骨片的变化量为17％，去掉一层密质骨后的颅骨片变化量为18．1％，整体猪颅骨片的变化量为15．6％；由于各生物体颅骨结构基本相同。由此可知，如果在人颅骨上也能得到相似的结论，在进行有关人颅骨研究时可大大延长同一块颅骨的使用时间。或者可以用风干颅骨、解冻后风干颅骨来代替新鲜骨，然后根据其时效特性对实验数据进行修正，这样会大大降低实验成本和难度。     

微波辐射合成季铵盐型阳离子淀粉絮凝剂

研究了季铵盐型阳离子改性淀粉絮凝剂的微波辐射合成.该工艺反应时间短、产率高、操作简便,同时有效抑制了副反应的发生,提高了产品纯度.讨论了诸因素对反应的影响,通过正交试验确定了反应的最佳条件为:氢氧化钠、2,3-环氧丙基三甲基氯化铵与淀粉的摩尔比1.4∶1∶2.2,辐射反应时间1.5 m in,微波功率280 W.     

A model for assessing effects of climate change on runoff in China

A model is established for assessing the effects of climate change on runoff in China based on the land surface parameterization scheme variable infiltration capacity (VIC). The entire area of China is represented by 2604 cells with a resolution of 60 km×60 km for each cell. Forcing data, soil and vegetation parameters needed by the VIC model for the entire area of China are prepared. Daily forcing data, which are obtained from 740 stations between 1980 and 1990, are interpolated to the 60 km×60 km grid system. The VIC model is run on every grid cell over the whole China, and a routing scheme is run offline with daily input of surface runoff and drainage from the VIC to get hydrograph at basin outlets. The spatial patterns of simulated runoff and mean annual precipitation are consistent very well. The results of monthly streamflow simulations over the Huaihe and Weihe River basins indicate that there is a good agreement between the observed and simulated values, and also initially indicate the rationality and feasibility of the evaluation model.