Innovation on Petroleum Engineering Technology of China Beach and Shallow Water Areas

1Chinaoffshoreoil&gasresourcesandtheircharacteristicfeatures　Chinaoffshoreoil&gasexplorationstartedduringthe1 95 0s .Until 1 971 ,thecommercialHai 4fieldwasfoundinBohai.Subsequentlytwoproductionplatformswereconstruc ted ,thefirstChinaoffshoreoilfieldwasformed .Fromthenon ,Chinaoffshoreoil&gasexplorationandexploitationspeedbecameprogressivelyfaster.Afteralargeamountofexplorationwork ,theoilandgasresourcesinChinacoastalareasweremadeclearpreliminarily .AccordingtoState sSecondaryResourceEva…     

简支平行四边形底扁壳大挠度问题的准确解

本文将 S·Levy 在1949年解矩形板大挠度问题的双三角级数解法推广到平行四边形板和扁壳的情形。     

波纹管的特征值分析

基于Novozhilov薄壳理论 ,用有限元法建立了旋转波纹管非轴对称自由振动的广义特征值方程并进行了求解。选取两结点非协调曲边旋转壳单元作为波纹管的离散单元 ,并将所有相关变量沿其环向进行了Fourier展开。该方法不仅给出了子午线曲率连续变化的U型波纹管任意环向谐波所对应的特征值 ,而且对子午线曲率有突变的C型波纹管旋转壳也能很好地适应。算例结果表明 ,波纹管不存在一个最低固有频率对应的固定环向波数 ,但其轴对称振型和低阶非轴对称振型在动态分析中占绝对优势 ,高阶振型的作用并不明显。     

Samples Selection for Artificial Neural Network Training in Preliminary Structural Design

An artificial neural network (ANN) is applied in the preliminary structural design of reticulated shells. Major efforts are made to enhance the generalization ability of networks through well-selected training samples. Number-theoretic methods (NTMs) are adopted to generate samples with low discrepancy, i.e.uniformly scattered in the domain, where discrepancy is a quantitative measurement of the uniformity. The discrepancy of the NTM-based sample set is 1/6-1/7 that of samples with equal spacing. In a case study,networks trained by NTM-based samples are compared with those trained by equal-spaced samples in generalizing performance. The results show that both the computational precision and stability of the former ANNs are more satisfactory than those of the latter. It is concluded that the flexibility of ANNs in generalizing can be effectively increased by use of uniformly distributed training samples rather than simply piling data.More reliable uniformity should be obtained, however, through NTMs instead of equal-spaced samples.     

恢复坎儿井输水系统功在当代利在千秋

文章简述了坎儿井输水系统的优缺点，及在干旱地区农业发展中的重要作用。要恢复、发展坎儿井输水系统，全面认识到坎儿井输水系统在新疆干旱区绿洲农业发展中的重要意义。     

浅埋煤层开采中的溃沙灾害研究

分析了浅埋煤层开采的水文条件和工程地质条件，得出了浅埋煤层发生渍沙灾害必须具备的4个条件；根据浅埋煤层中组合关键层的一些参数分析了老顶破断岩块的运动规律，判断了浅埋煤层开采中岩块是否发生回转失稳，探讨了岩块回转触矸后发生滑落失稳的可能性，计算了断裂岩块端角接触面高度，得出了满足裂隙滤沙的合理端角接触面高度；大柳塔1203工作面开采只发生了涌水而未溃沙，这和理论计算的结论基本一致．参8．     

Critical slope gradient for compulsory abandonment of farmland on the hilly Loess Plateau

Scientific evidence for the upper limit of farmland is proposed. Shallow gully erosion is one of erosion types distributed extensively on sloping farmland in the hilly regions of the Loess Plateau. Field observation and aerial photos interpretation, as well as laboratory experiments show that the shallow gully erosion occurring on the steeper farmland in the hilly regions of the Loess Plateau is an important factor leading to intensive erosion on slope, because of its extensive distribution and intensive runoff collection. The data on the formation, development and distribution of shallow gullies on sloping farmland indicate that critical slope gradient for shallow gully initiation ranges from 15 to 20 degrees with an average of 18.2 degrees. Therefore, it is suggested that critical slope gradient for compulsory abandonment of farmland on the hilly Loess Plateau should be kept within the critical slope gradient for shallow gully initiation to prevent shallow gully formation in order to control soil loss more effectively. But as the first step, the cultivation on the slopes with slope larger than 25 degrees where the maximum erosion occurs should be strictly forbidden.     

新型网壳节点的弹塑性分析及试验研究

简要介绍了一种广泛应用于各类意志支,双层网壳结构的新型承插式节点,在弹塑性理论分析的基础上,进行了一组单向拉,压试验研究,为今后在实际工程中推广这种新型节点提供了可靠依据。     

拟协调轴对称三结点退化壳单元

结合拟协调有限元方法和退化壳有限元概念,构造了一个轴对称三结点退化壳单元,采用了整体,局部和等参三个坐标系,使用与拟协调单元列式方法等效的基于胡－鹫津广义为分原理的杂交／混合单元列式方法构造轴对称三结点退化壳单元;使用相同的等参坐标插值来假设应力和应变,插值既考虑到低阶项的完备,又借鉴了拟协调九结点四边形爱化壳单元的结构经验。为了确定应力应变的插值形式,进行了多次数值试验和单元刚度矩阵的特征值分析     

木兰溪两岸浅井水对紫露草四分体微核率的影响

采用紫露草四分体微核技术,对莆田木兰溪下游河溪水和饮用的浅井水进行致突变性监测。结果表明,１０份河溪水能明显诱发紫露草四分体微核率的增高;与对照组相比１０份浅井水也均不同程度提高了四分体微核效应,８份已达到显著或极显著水平（Ｐ〈０．０５或Ｐ〈０．０１）,且与诱发的紫竹梅四分体微核效应显著相关,ｒ＝０．９７７７。说明浅井水内存在致植物细胞染色体畸变物质,提示当地居民上消化道肿瘤高发与饮水污染有一定相