基于多材质复合管柱的裸眼井壁支撑工艺及应用

已完钻超深裸眼水平井侧钻技术是经济、高效开发油藏剩余油的主要手段之一，传统的磨铣钢套管开窗侧钻技术存在下入摩阻大、磨铣耗时长导致开窗失败等问题。为此，提出了基于多材质复合管柱的超深水平井裸眼井壁支撑工艺，结合中国西北油田已完钻超深裸眼水平井井况，首先，提出了基于“铝合金+碳钢”的多材质复合管柱组合及设计方法；其次，开展了基于管柱实物屈曲实验数据的管柱临界屈曲载荷计算模型适用性评价，并优选出了适合于“铝合金+碳钢”多材质复合管柱的屈曲临界载荷计算模型；最后，研究了综合考虑管柱扭矩、摩阻、刚性、井眼条件、管柱强度及材质的多材质复合管柱下入性分析方法，并利用下入性分析软件对西北油田顺北X1井、X2井、X3井、X4井复合管柱进行了下入可行性评价。该方法在X1井和X2井得到成功应用，进一步论证了该工艺现场应用的可行性。研究成果可为超深水平井裸眼井壁支撑的复合管柱设计和下入可行性评价提供理论参考。     

Microstructure,mechanical properties and wear resistance of an Al–Mg–Si alloy produced by equal channel angular pressing

Microstructure, mechanical properties and wear resistance in an ultrafine-grained Al–Mg–Si alloy fabricated utilizing a combination of equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) and dynamic aging were investigated in this paper. The results indicated that the grain size of the ECAP alloy was significantly refined, i.e., to ~239 nm after three ECAP passes. Meanwhile, the yield and tensile strength of the ECAPed material reached 340 MPa and 445 MPa, respectively, while maintaining a significant uniform elongation of 14%. Wear resistance results demonstrated that the wear rate, wear depth and width of the ECAPed material decreased in comparison with the solution-treated (SST) and peak-aged (T6) conditions under a load range of 5–25 N. The adhesive wear that occurs in the undeformed specimens at 10 N does not appear in the ECAPed specimen at the same load, indicating that the ECAPed specimen delay the appearance of more serious wear mechanisms under certain loads. The cooperative interaction of high density nano-scale β" precipitates and dislocations resulted in a combination of super-high strength and good work hardening ability which suppressed the extension of cracks between the friction layer and the plastic deformation zone. As a consequence, the combination of ECAP and dynamic aging brings a significant improvement for antifriction performance of the 6061 aluminum alloy.     

刺山柑在吐鲁番地区维吾尔族民间药用价值研究

刺山柑(capparis spinosa L.)是全世界公认的民间药用植物,具有较高的药用价值.采用民族植物学的关键人物访谈法,对该物种在新疆吐鲁番地区维吾尔族民间的医药作用进行了调研.结果表明,刺山柑的叶、根、根皮、花、果实及种子在民间医药中的处方有3种单方和4种复方.其中的单用刺山柑能治疗风湿病、慢性关节炎及肩周炎;而刺山柑与14种植物混合用的4种复方能治疗11种疾病.初步揭示了刺山柑在吐鲁番维吾尔族的民间处方及医药作用,为新药品及保健品的开发提供理论资料.     

页岩气低伤害超临界CO2凝胶压裂液研究

针对常规水压裂液会对页岩造成伤害，容易产生水锁，不易返排，还造成水资源消耗和污染环境等问题，制备了低伤害二氧化碳凝胶压裂液。将自备的F2EU和F4EU增稠剂加入到超临界CO₂基液中，探究两种增稠剂的加入量对CO₂凝胶压裂液黏度的影响，综合考虑成本与效果，优选了2%的F4EU增稠剂，可将CO₂的黏度增至15.4 mPa·s。研究了温度、压力以及剪切速率对凝胶压裂液黏度的影响。实验结果表明，随着温度升高黏度总体降低，但中间出现一个短暂升高阶段；随着压力上升压裂液黏度增加；随着剪切速率的增加压裂液黏度下降，属于一种典型的剪切变稀的假塑性流体。F4EU超临界CO₂凝胶压裂液的平均伤害率为1.39%，远远小于常规压裂液对岩芯的伤害率。实验表明，F4EU超临界CO₂凝胶压裂液在页岩气压裂开采中具有良好的应用前景。     

具有sn-网的空间

证明了具有σ—点有限sn—网及σ—局部可数sn—网的空间可刻划为度量空间在某些确定映射下的象.     

Supercritical Fluid Carbon Dioxide in the Extraction of Lanolin and Its Alcohol

The use of supercritical fluid carbon dioxide (SF-CO_2) in extraction of lanolin and its alcohol issuperior to the conventional solvent extractionmethod. Its distinctive advantages include highextractive ratio, nontoxic and nonflammablesolvents, and minimal by-product pollution. The     

Abrupt climate change：Debate or action

Global abrupt climate changes have been documented by various climate records, including ice cores, ocean sediment cores, lake sediment cores, cave deposits, loess deposits and pollen records. The climate system prefers to be in one of two stable states, i.e. interstadial or stadial conditions, but not in between. The transition between two states has an abrupt character. Abrupt climate changes are, in general, synchronous in the northern hemisphere and tropical regions. The timescale for abrupt climate changes can be as short as a decade. As the impacts may be potentially serious, we need to take actions such as reducing CO2 emissions to the atmosphere.     

La2分子结构与基态分子势能函数

用相对论有效原子实势，在密度泛函理论(DFT)和组态相关理论(QCISD)水平上优化计算了La2分子的结构．根据原子分子反应静力学原理，导出La2分子可能的电子状态和离解极限，用DFT中的B3LYP方法计算了基态X1∑g^ 势能曲线，拟合得到Murrell-Sorbie解析势能函数，并首次计算得到基态X1∑g^ 的谐振频率、热力学性质、力学与光谱数据。     

浅析中国铝锭产能迅速扩充的原因

文章阐述了我国铝锭产能迅速扩充的原因。     

CO2跨临界循环系统润滑油分析

为保证CO2跨临界循环系统的稳定运行，选择与之相适应的润滑油，在分析摩擦润滑特性的基础上，采用实验数据对比的方法，对POE、PAG、PAO和烷基芳香烃4类合成润滑油在CO2跨临界循环系统中的混合性、流动性、可溶性、黏度、长期稳定性及润滑性等性能进行了分析，结果表明POE类润滑油是CO2跨临界循环系统的一种相对较好的选择。