乙醇对小白鼠胚胎的毒性和维生素的解毒作用

乙醇对小白鼠有致畸效应,尤其是对中枢神经系统(CNS)和骨骼系统.适量的维生素B_1和烟酰胺能解除由乙醇引起的小白鼠胎鼠毒害作用.     

The effect of ethanol on the biosynthesis and regulation of opioid peptides

Summary Alcoholism and alcohol abuse are serious health problems. Alcohol is known to influence the activity of a number of biological systems, for example the hormonal and neuronal systems. One of the biological systems whose activity is greatly influenced by alcohol is the endogenous opiate system. Alcohol modifies the function of both opiate receptors and opioid peptides. In fact it has been proposed that many of the effects of ethanol are mediated by its effects on the endogenous opiate system. This review will present results from various laboratories on the effects of acute and chronic ethanol treatments on various species, and on the release, biosynthesis and post-translational processing of the endorphins, enkephalins and dynorphins, the three known families of endogenous opioid peptides. Furthermore, the effect of acute and chronic ethanol consumption on the -endorphin system in man, and the possible implications of the functional activity of the endogenous opiate system for the genetic predisposition to alcoholism will be discussed.     

精馏与渗透汽化复合生产ETBE的过程

为了分离乙基叔丁基醚（ＥＴＢＥ）和乙醇混合物,得到ＥＴＢＥ产品,研究了乙酸丙酸纤维素膜（ＣＡＰ）的渗透汽化过程,讨论了温度、浓度等因素对渗透通量和选择性的影响。结果表明,ＣＡＰ膜的渗透通量随温度和乙醇在混合物中的浓度增加而增加,渗透通量与温度的关系满足Ａｒｒｈｅｎｉｕｓ形式的方程。在此基础上,提出了精馏与渗透汽化复合生产ＥＴＢＥ的过程,并运用ＡＳＰＥＮＰＬＵＳ软件对该过程进行了设计计算,汽液相平衡采用ＵＮＩＦＡＣ法进行预测。     

黄芪多糖的提取

改进了传统水煮醇沉从黄芪中提取多糖的方法.在适当的温度进行提取,避免将多种物质同时提出, 使提取物的组成单一.第一次提取物的纯度能达到96％以上,且外观为白色,再经一次提纯后纯度可达到99％ 以上.     

几种枳壳乙醇提取物对酪氨酸酶抑制作用比较

研究了6种中药枳壳乙醇提取物对酪氨酸酶活力的影响．结果表明：6种中药枳壳乙醇提取物对酪氨酸酶活力均有显的抑制作用，除了绿衣枳壳外，其它5种中药枳壳的提取物随着含量的增大，酶活力呈指数下降．测定导致酶活力下降50％的6种中药枳壳提取物含量(JC50)分别为：0．92mg／mL(绿衣枳壳)、0．96mg／mL(陕西枳壳)、1．30mg／mL(红河橙枳壳)、0．44mg／mL(湖南枳壳)、0．41mg／mL(四川枳壳)、和0．70mg／mL(江西枳壳)，上述6种中药枳壳提取物对酪氨酸酶的抑制作用表现为可逆过程．抑制类型均为混合型，分别测定各种枳壳提取物对游离酶抑制抑制常数(K1)和酶-底物络合物抑制常数(Kis)，并加以比较。     

阳离子表面活性剂CTAB与PVA相互作用性质研究

通过粘度、电导率、表面张力以及紫外吸收光谱等手段,研究水溶性中性聚合物聚乙烯醇(PVA)与阳离子表面活性剂十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)之间的相互作用。结果表明,PVA与CTAB之间有一定的相互作用,从而使体系表现出异常的粘度行为,显示出一定的电粘效应,并导致其混合溶液的最大紫外吸收峰发生了红移,未观察到PVA的加入对CTAB溶液表面张力和临界胶束浓度的影响。     

壳聚糖在中药药液澄清中的应用

天然高分子甲壳素的糖基脱去部分乙酰基所得的产物壳聚糖是一种线性高分子碳水化合物，被广泛应用于医药、化工、环保等领域。综述了壳聚糖的分布、一般性质、吸附澄清原理，及其在澄清中药提取液和制剂上的应用现状，对比了壳聚糖作为吸附澄清剂的新工艺和传统醇沉工艺，指出壳聚糖是一种安全无毒、价廉的优良吸附澄清剂，探讨了壳聚糖代替传统醇沉工艺应用于精制中药提取液和制剂的可行性和存在的问题，并提出了今后工作的建议。     

Effect of Carboxymethyl Starch as Stabilizer for Increasing the Stability of Warp Sizing Pastes

The influences of carboxymethyl starch used as stabilizer upon the stability of native cornstarch-polyvinyl alcohol blend pastes for warp sizing have been investigated. The effect of the modified starch on the paste stability was evaluated in terms of the initial demixing time and the volume percentage of separated starch. The carboxymethyl starch with a series of different degrees of substitution was prepared in ethanol dispersion by varying the amount of monochloroacetic acid reacted with refined native cornstarch. The paste stability strongly depends on the modification extent and amount of carboxymethyl starch used, and on native starch content in the paste. Increase in the modification extent and/or the amount of the modified starch effectively retards the phase separation and reduces the separation extent of native cornstarch-polyvinyl alcohol blend pastes. Moreover, the mechanism and favorable modification extent of carboxymethyl starch for enhancing paste stability are also investigated and disc     

新型乙醇气敏半导体材料CdFe_2O_4

采用化学共沉淀和固相反应相结合的方法制备出单相ＣｄＦｅ２Ｏ４，实验表明，ＣｄＦｅ２Ｏ４作为一种尖晶石型结构的复合氧化物，是电子导电型半导体，具有良好的酒敏性能．且有较好的化学稳定性和气敏稳定性     

聚氯乙烯－吡啶树脂的合成及其催化性能

聚氯乙烯与吡啶在浓氢氧化钠存在下制备了聚氯乙烯－吡啶树脂，它可用作相转移催化剂，对于许多有机反应具有良好的催化效果．