西藏牦牛染色体的研究

应用外周血淋巴细胞短期培养法，结合Ｇ显带、Ｃ显带和Ａｇ－ＮＯＲｓ显带技术，研究了西藏耗牛的一般核型、Ｇ带、Ｃ带、Ａｇ－ＮＯＲｓ核型，并对耗牛的Ｙ染色体多态性进行了探讨．     

山羊血液蛋白多态性的研究动态

综述了山羊血液蛋白多态性的研究动态,较详细地介绍了山羊血液生化遗传标记的研究现状及其在山羊育种中的应用,并对其应用前景作了展望     

Construction of a genetic map with SRAP markers and localization of the gene responsible for the first-flower-node trait in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.)

With an F2 population from the cross of two cucumber inbred lines, S06 and S52, sequence-related amplified polymorphism (SRAP) was used to construct a genetic linkage map in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.). Sixty-four SRAP primer combinations generated 108 polymorphic bands in the F2 population analysis. The average of polymorphic bands produced by one primer pair was 1.5, and the maximum was 5. Using Mapmaker 3.0, a linkage map was constructed, which consisted of 77 SRAP markers distributed in nine linkage groups (LOD≥3.0) and spanned 1114.2 cM with an average interval of 14.5 cM between markers. The gene for the first-flower-node trait, termed ffn, was mapped to linkage group Ⅸ, flanked by DC1EM5 and ME7EM2A at 10.3 cM and 12.1 cM distance, respectively.     

几种油脂主成份同质多晶态的熔点及迁移规律

固体油脂食品的品质优劣取决于同南多晶晶型，所以确定各晶型的熔点及其稳定性是十分重要的。本研究在确定了各成份的多晶态种类和数目的基础上，测定了各晶型的熔点，各单一成分的晶型衍变规律及影响迁移速度的因素等问题。     

AFLP的研究

AFLP(扩增酶切片段多态性)是由Zabeau等近年发明的一项新的研究生物遗传多样性的方法,具有技术可靠性和技术高效性.一次可获得50～100条谱带.本文详细介绍了AFLP的银染检测程序及其可能出现的问题,AFLP技术为不同来源和不同复杂度基因组的分析提供了一个有力的工具.     

普米族Y-STR遗传多态性研究

采用荧光引物genescan技术，分析了云南普米族Y染色体8个微卫星标记，根据8个Y-STR在云南普米族中的高频等位基因和单倍型组成，对普米族Y染色体进行多态性分析。将普米族数据与报导过的汉族3个Y-STR基因座进行X^2检测，差异极为显著。并结合历史学、民族学等相关证据来探讨普米族的Y染色体遗传进化历史。     

成都麻羊与四川肉用黑山羊地方品种产乳性能研究

测定成都麻羊和四川肉用黑山羊地方品种羔羊哺乳期母羊的产乳量、乳常规营养成分、乳蛋白组分和乳酪蛋白遗传多态性.结果表明,母羊哺乳期的产乳量(kg)成都麻羊、金堂黑山羊、乐至黑山羊、自贡黑山羊和建昌黑山羊相应分别为46.15±1.78,101.67±4.93,85.76±3.36,54.32±6.64和36.65±2.65,成都麻羊极显著低于金堂黑山羊、乐至黑山羊(P<0.01),而极显著高于建昌黑山羊P<0.01)与自贡黑山羊差异不显著(P>0.05);乳中常规营养成分含量(g/L)均较高,范围乳脂为58.59～60.52、乳蛋白为44.18～46.37和乳糖为44.00～47.30;经产母羊常乳主要蛋白组分的相对含量(%)范围α-La为5.35～5.80,β-Lg为14.46～15.18,CN为70.04～71.01,IgG为7.04～7.31,SA为2.02～2.15,品种间差异不显著(P>0.05);酪蛋白电泳染色显示出α-CN和β-CN图带,α-CN均呈现4种不同的带型αS1-CN(H),αS1-CN(L)、αS2-CN(CC)型和αS2CN(CD),其中均以αS2-CN(CD)占优势.β-CN呈现单态,带型为β-CN(AB).     

Experimental validation of inter-subspecific genetic diversity in rice represented by the differences between the DNA sequences of ‘Nipponbare’ and ‘93-11’

The pedigrees of three sequenced rice cultivars were analyzed to show that a majority of the genetic composition of 'Nipponbare' originates from japonica cultivars while the minority originates from indica cultivars. In contrast, '93-11' is derived mainly from indica cultivars with a smaller contribution from japonica cultivars. All ancestors of 'Guang lu ai 4' appeared to be indica lines. A set of molecular markers (46 InDels and 53 SSRs) polymorphic between 'Nipponbare' and '93-11' were examined in 46 typical indica and 47 typical japonica cultivars selected from 443 accessions according to Cheng's index. All cultivars were divided into indica and japonica groups without overlapping when clustered by Cheng's index, InDels and SSRs. Much higher InDel and SSR diversity between groups than within groups implies that the marker polymorphisms between 'Nipponbare' and '93-11' represent a large proportion of inter-subspecific diversity. About 85% of indica cultivars and more than 90% of japonica cultivars were confirmed to have the same PCR banding patterns as '93-11' and 'Nipponbare', respectively. Some polymorphic loci between 'Nipponbare' and '93-11' cannot be validated in other indica and japonica cultivars, either as subspecies-specific but not predominant alleles, or alleles not specific between the two groups. It was concluded that molecular markers developed from sequence polymorphism between 'Nipponbare' and '93-11' often represent inter-subspecific diversity, although some exceptions were sensitive to either particular marker loci or particular cultivars.     

成都麻羊与四川各地黑山羊品种(群体)mtDNA D-1oop序列多态性研究

采用mtDNA多态性标记对成都麻羊与四川各地黑山羊品种(群体)D-loop序列多态性进行分析.结果表明,供试山羊品种(群体)mtDNA片段长度为16kb左右,mtDNA D-loop片段长度为1210～1212bp,共检测到10种单倍型,群体间共有多态座位83个,单一多态座位23个,简约信息座位24个,平均核苷酸歧异度为0.001510,D-loop序列多态性较贫乏.经聚类,成都麻羊与四川各地黑山羊品种(群体)分为两大类,成都麻羊首先与金堂黑山羊(D=0.203)聚在一起后,再依次与乐至黑山羊(D=0.223)、建昌黑山羊(D=0.477)、白玉黑山羊(D=0.593)形成一大类;合江黑山羊与江安黑山羊(D=0.231)先聚在一起后,再与自贡黑山羊(D=0.337)聚为1类,营山黑山羊与嘉陵黑山羊(D=0.242)聚为1类,2类形成另一大类.最后两个大类聚在一起.聚类结果与供试山羊品种(群体)来源和生态地理分布相一致.     

重庆地区汉族群体19个STR基因座遗传多态性的研究

采用GoldeneyeTM20A试剂盒复合扩增180例重庆地区无血缘关系汉族个体的19个STR基因座。扩增产物经ABl3130序列分析仪进行检测,GeneMapperIDV3．2．1基因分析软件进行基因分析,得到基因分型图。总共检测出182个等位基因,其频率分布介于0．0028～0．4972。19个STR基因座的杂合度介于0．6611～0．9111,个体识别率介于O．8114～0．9882,匹配概率介于0．0118～0．1886,多态信息含量介于0．6309～0．9190,累积个人识别率和累积多态信息含量均大于0．9999999999,累积匹配概率为3．7189×10-^24“,累积非父排除率为0．9999999964。说明该19个STR基因座具有比较高的多态性,是较理想的遗传标记,所得到的等位基因频率等数据可为重庆地区汉族人群的法医学个人识别、亲子鉴定及群体遗传学等研究提供基础数据。