大亚湾核电站邻近水域浮游纤毛虫群落结构

应用蛋白银染色法及沉淀法分别对采自大亚湾水域的浮游纤毛虫进行了定性和定量分析．根据各样点浮游纤毛虫群落的结构参数确定了该水域浮游纤毛虫群落有以下特点：群落的种类数从９～２９种不等,密度从２０００～１３４００ｉｎｄ／Ｌ;群落的优势种为腹羽急游虫（Ｓｔｒｏｍ－ｂｉｄｉｕｍｖｅｎｔｒｏｐｉｎｎｕｍ）和球形急游虫（Ｓｔｒｏｍｂｉｄｉｕｍｓｔｒｏｂｉｌａ）;群落的生物多样性指数为２．７１３２～４．２３３９．并结合采样点的位置分析了大亚湾核电站冷却水对浮游纤毛虫群落的影响．     

氧同位素：追踪陆架海沿岸水团变化的良好标志

对于陆架海而言除了冰体积效应,温度效应外,还有由于大陆淡水注入引起的,使δ＾１８Ｏ值负向偏移的效应,而且在低海平面时期,当沿岸水团盛行时,这种效应起主导作用。笔者将这种效应从广州的盐度效应中分离出来,称为陆架海的负值效应。     

Response of the northwestern Pacific upper water δ~(13)C to the last deglacial ventilation of the deep Southern Ocean

The deglacial δ~13C minimum events that originated from the ventilation of the deep Southern Ocean around Antarctica, have been recorded in a range of marine sediments from the southern to tropical oceans in late Pleistocene. However, the broad δ~13C minimum event was also reported as far as to the northern middle latitudes, in northwestern Pacific marginal sea areas, during the last deglaciation. In the northwestern Pacific, forcing from the northern high latitudes is strongly expressed, while the records of in- fluence from the southern high latitudes are few. The Kuroshio Source Region (KSR) forms a boundary between the northwestern Pacific and the southern, tropical Pacific. So, high-resolution planktonic foraminiferal records in core MD06-3054 from the KSR are well positioned to identify signals from the southern hemisphere in the northwestern Pacific. Planktonic foraminiferal tests from the upper 1030 cm of the core were subject to AMS14C, carbon and oxygen isotopic measurements. A negative excursion was found to occur from about 20.0-6.0 ka BP in δ~13C records of both surface (Globigerinoides ruber) and subsurface (Pulleni- atina obliquiloculata) dwellers, but the overall trends of the two curves have reversed since 26.5 ka BP. Moreover, the δ~13C rec- ord of G. ruber (the surface dweller) shows a robust link to the record of atmospheric CO2, and its changes precede the records of P. obliquiloculata (the subsurface dweller). According to the hydrologic conditions, the broad δ~13C minimum event recorded in the KSR is also a response to the increasing ventilation of the deep Southern Ocean around Antarctica during the last deglaciation. The inconsistency between the records of the surface and subsurface dwellers was possibly caused by the ways that the low δ~13C signal was transmitted. Subsurface water primarily received the low δ~13C signal from the Antarctic Intermediate Water (AAIW), whereas the surface water was probably mainly impacted by atmospheric CO2 in the KSR. The records from the KSR confirm the deduction that the broad δ~13C minimum event in the Okinawa Trough was due to the impact of tropical Pacific surface water dur- ing the last deglaciation, and suggest that signals from the southern high latitudes also can be delivered to the northern middle latitudes.     

珠江口盆地晚始新世浮游有孔虫的发现及其地质意义

根据首次在南海珠江口盆地最南端的ＢＹ７－１－１井中发现的晚始新世和早，中浙新世浮游有孔虫石化石组合，认为恩平组的地质时代为晚始新世－早渐新世，最低海相层位至少可以亿溯到晚始新世。     

夏季南极长城湾沿岸海域浮游硅藻群落定量分析

对南极硅藻进行定量研究较有必要,以客观准确地了解它的组成和分布特征。在南极长城湾沿岸海域共设置6个采样点,每个采样点定量采集3个浮游硅藻样本。结果显示:长城湾海域共发现浮游硅藻31种。浮游硅藻群落的优势种为Cocconesi fasciolata(18.5%)、Amphora holsatica(13.6%)。次优势种为Cocconeis costata(7.1%)、Cocconeis imperatrix(6.8%)、Thalassiosira antarctica(6.4%)、Rhoicosphenia genuflexa(6.1%)、Licmophora antarctica(5.1%)。各样点浮游硅藻细胞密度总平均值为1.92×10~5ind·L~(-1),变幅为1.44×10~5~2.56×10~5ind·L~(-1)。浮游硅藻的分布从湾心到湾口呈现出一定趋势:浮游硅藻的物种丰度,湾心处共15种,湾口处共25种;浮游硅藻的细胞密度,湾心处平均为2.51×10~5ind·L-1,湾口处平均为1.48×10~5ind·L~(-1)。通过相关性分析结果可知,浮游硅藻由湾心到湾口,物种丰度和硅藻细胞密度呈负相关。     

杭州西溪河浮游甲壳动物的群落结构

本文研究了杭州西溪河浮游甲壳动物的种类组成、种群动态、生物量及其与环境因子的关系 .全年中 ,共发现浮游甲壳动物 32种 ,其中枝角类 2 2种 ,桡足类 10种 .浮游甲壳动物年平均密度为 82 .1ind .·L- 1.,生物量 0 .2 58mg·L- 1.水体中叶绿素a含量、硝基氮含量、水温与浮游甲壳动物生物量之间均有明显的正相关性 .西溪河沿着水流方向污染程度逐渐加重 .本文还从污染水体的生物治理角度 ,讨论了治理西溪河生态环境的两点看法     

低钾对番红花光合作用的影响

低钾处理的番红花，叶片含钾量、叶绿素含量明显持续下降，光合作用及生长受抑制．叶片ＡＴＰ相对含量明显低于正常钾处理的番红花叶片．     

厦门港浮游硅藻生态的研究

1983年1月至1984年12月,每月在满潮时用GG25号筛绢制的浮游生物拖网采集,采到硅藻51个属162个种和变种,其中新种1种,新变种1种和在我国首次记录的3种(另文整理)。每个样品鉴定500个细胞(如果优势种的细胞个数超过50％,则鉴定1000个细胞),计算各种所占的％,20％以上的作为优势种,5～20％的为丰富种(Tab),种群结构分析采用种类多样性指数H和种类均度指数J。     

南湖春季细菌和浮游藻类群落的动态变化

在随机选取的6个样点,测定了春季南湖的水化学指标,细菌总数及浮游藻类群落的组成.调查结果发现:春季大多数样点的细菌总数表现出先增后减的趋势;在总氮、总磷含量较高,临近排污口的样点,其细菌总数相对高于附近没有明显污染源的非居民区样点,细菌总数在污染严重的样点最高可达4.5×10~5个/mL.观察发现,春季南湖浮游藻类细胞密度总体呈上升趋势;主要优势种是小球藻、栅藻、多芒藻、小环藻和隐藻等耐污性种类.但各样点浮游藻类的群落组成存在一定差异,在氮、磷含量较低的样点,种类较多;而在氮、磷含量高的样点,浮游藻类密度高达2.9×10~6个/mL,且种类单一,以多芒藻占绝对优势.