老顶山人工油松林生物量的研究

对海拔１２００—１３００ｍ处的２８年生油松人工林生物量进行了研究。乔木层的生物量采用回归模型预测，其为：油松Ｗ树干＝２．３１６（Ｄ２Ｈ）０．６５８，Ｗ（枝条）＝１．３１３（Ｄ２Ｈ）０．９８９，Ｗ叶子＝１．４１２（Ｄ２Ｈ）０．８３１和Ｗ（根条）＝１．５８９（Ｄ２Ｈ）０．７５３，灌木和草本植物用表测数据计算。结果表明：６月份人工油松林的总生物量为４３．４７０ｇ／ｈａ，其中乔木层３５．６７９吨／公顷，林下灌木及草本层７．７９１ｔ／ｈａ。     

Identification of sex pheromones of four economically important species in genusDendrolimus

The female-produced sex pheromone of Dendrolimus superans was identified by gas chromatography (GC), coupled GC-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), electroantennographic (EAG) studies and field tests as a blend of (Z,E)-5,7-dodecadienal (Z5,E7-12:Ald) and (Z,E)-5,7-dodeca- dien-1-ol (Z5,E7-12:OH). In D. kikuchii, (Z,E)-5,7-dodeca- dien-1-yl acetate (Z5,E7-12:OAc) and Z5,E7-12:OH were found by GC and GC-MS analyses. However, in EAG studies male antennae were more sensitive to Z5,E7-12:OAc and (Z,E)-5,7-dodecadien-1-yl propionate (Z5,E7-12:OPr) than Z5,E7-12:OH. For D. spectabilis, Z5,E7-12:OH had been previously reported as the sex pheromone. However, in our studies, traps baited with Z5,E7-12:OH, Z5,E7-12:OAc and Z5,E7-12:OPr in a ratio of 1:1:1 caught three times more males than those baited with Z5,E7-12:OH alone. Relatively strong EAG responses were elicited from male antennae by Z5,E7-12:OH, Z5,E7-12:OAc and Z5,E7-12:OPr, but in addition to Z5,E7-12:OH, only very small amounts of Z5,E7- 12:OAc was found in the pheromone gland. These facts suggest that Z5,E7-12:OAc is a pheromone minor components and Z5,E7-12:OPr is a sex attractant in D. spectabilis. For D. tabulaeformis, Z5,E7-12:OH, Z5,E7-12:OAc and Z5,E7-12: OPr were found in extracts of pheromone glands of female moths, and the three compounds elicited strong EAG responses from antennae of male moths. These three compounds have been reported as a sex attractant of D. tabulaeformis, and our data confirm their roles as components of the sex pheromone of this species. The role of blend components in antagonizing cross attraction between congeners is discussed.     

油松花粉对雄性幼年小白鼠睾丸发育及精子生成的影响

研究了油松花粉对雄性幼年小白鼠睾丸发育及精子生成的影响．并与睾酮组和正常对照组进行了比较．结果表明：油松花粉具有类似睾酮的作用，可促进睾丸的发育及精子的生成，油松花粉作为营养保健品开发，儿童不宜服用。     

宝天曼自然保护区油松生长释放研究

利用采自宝天曼自然保护区的一组油松(Pinus tabulaeformis Carr.)树轮样芯,根据树木年轮学的基本方法测量油松样芯的年轮宽度并交叉定年,通过生长变化率的大小对生长释放事件进行了判定.结果显示77.78%的油松有过一次以上的生长释放事件,平均每棵油松的释放次数为4.6次;随着油松年龄的增长,林窗逐渐开放,油松生长释放次数逐渐增多,不同年龄段31～40 a、41～50 a、51～60 a、>60 a的油松,平均每株释放次数分别为1.6、3.6、4.6、11.3次;不同年龄的油松在1969和1999年左右出现了较大的生长释放事件.     

激光辐射对油松种子发芽率的诱变研究

激光辐射对油松种子发芽率的诱变研究＊吴俊林１杨宗立１桂智彬２（１陕西师范大学物理学系,西安７１００６２;２西安电子科技大学微电子研究所,西安７１００７１;第一作者,男,４３岁,副教授）目前,激光已广泛应用于农作物、桑蚕育种、工业微生物育种等领域［１～...     

A wetness index derived from tree-rings in the Mt. Yishan area of China since 1755 AD and its agricultural implications

Dendroclimatological techniques were employed to investigate the relationship between Chinese Pinus(Pinus tabulaeformis Carr.) growth and climatic variability in the Mt.Yishan region of Shandong Province, China, over the past253 years. Using regression analysis, the wetness index(WI)was reconstructed for the Mt. Yishan area for the period1755–2007 AD based on tree-ring widths; predictor variables accounted for 40 % of the variance. The reconstructed timeseries displayed an increasing trend after the late 1960 s. Both the estimated and the observed WI for May–August were better correlated with precipitation than temperature during the period 1958–2007 AD, indicating that the contribution of precipitation to the WI was larger than temperature in the study area. The reconstructed WI was compared with the dryness/wetness index of China and land areas that were affected by droughts and floods using the agricultural statistics for Shandong Province. In addition, the WI time-series corresponded well with the peanut yield in Shandong Province at high frequency, which may be reasonable in the context of agriculture in Shandong. The 3-, 5- to 6- and 9- to10-year periodicities detected in the time-series suggested that the reconstructed WI in the Mt. Yishan area may be related to large-scale climate variations.     

黄山松松脂树脂酸少量成份研究

<正>用柱层析预富集我国黄山松松脂中树脂酸少量成份。经G C-M S鉴定出二种少量成份——8,15-异海松二烯酸(8,15-isopimaradien-18-acid)和8,15-海松二烯酸(8,15-pima-radien-18-acid)。并采用高效液相制备色谱,分离出微量未知物纯品,经鉴定为湿地松酸(Elliotinoic acid)。     

油松及云南松染色体的荧光带型

利用两种荧光试剂ＣＭＡ和ＤＡＰＩ研究油松及云南松染色体的荧光带型。油松（２ｎ＝２４）和云南松（２ｎ＝２４）染色体的ＣＭＡ带型中均存在五种不同的ＣＭＡ带纹类型。油松的ＣＭＡ带型为３对是着丝粒和臂间处均有荧光带纹的中部着丝粒染色体（Ａ类型）,３对是臂间处有荧光带纹的中部着丝粒染色体（Ｂ类型）,２对是着丝粒处有荧光带纹的中部着丝粒染色体（Ｃ类型）,２对是无荧光带纹的近中或中部着丝粒染色体（Ｄ类型）,２对是着丝粒有荧光带纹的近中着丝粒染色体（Ｅ类型）;而云南松的ＣＭＡ带型则为Ａ类型、Ｂ类型、Ｃ类型、Ｄ类型和Ｅ类型的染色体分别有４对、２对、２对、２．５对和１．５对。这两种松树染色体的ＤＡＰＩ荧光带型与ＣＭＡ带型之间存在相反的带纹关系。最后讨论认为①利用荧光带型的不同可将二者区分开,②据荧光带型认为云南松在赤松亚组中与其它松树之间的亲缘关系可能要远一些。     

晋西油松人工林地上部分生物量与生产力的研究

本文采用样地法和模型研究了晋西油松人工林地上部分的生物量与生产力。研究结果为：（１）油松各类测树指标、地上部分各类营养部分生物量两两之间都有显著关系,但它们与果生物量的关系不显著。（２）ＣＡＲ模型与ＶＡＲ模型的估计效果都较好,但相对来说以ＶＡＲ模型优于ＣＡＲ模型。（３）依据相关指数（Ｒ２）,筛选各类生物量估计的最优模型：其中,树干为Ｗｔ＝ａ（Ｄ２Ｈ）ｂ,其他各营养部分为Ｗ＝ａＤｂ。（４）该区油松人工林地上部分生物量与生产力分别为２５．５５０６ｔ／ｈａ和１．１１０９ｔ／ｈａ／ｙ,以干＞枝＞叶＞果。（５）油松人工林地上部分生物量与生产力主要集中在中下部,从基部朝上逐渐减少。     

油松人工林根系生物量的研究

在油松人工林中设置标准地,分别径阶选定样木,测定根径大于１厘米的根系生物量,用土柱法测定根径小于１厘米的根系生物量。结果表明,３５年生人工林每公顷根系生物量占林木总生物量的１４．３２％,根系生物量与林木径阶的变化有极显著的相关性,根径小于１厘米的根系集中分布于０－２０厘米的土层中。