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1.
氧化还原介体催化强化污染物厌氧降解研究进展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
由于厌氧生物处理技术具有产生剩余污泥少、可回收能源等优点而被广泛用于处理各种有机污染物,尤其在有毒、有害、难降解污染物的去除方面取得了良好的效果。然而,厌氧生物法的处理速率通常比较低,而氧化还原介体可通过自身不断的氧化和还原来传递电子,提高电子在氧化还原反应过程中的传递速率,从而促进污染物高效厌氧降解。醌类物质和腐殖酸是应用较多的氧化还原介体,在催化难降解污染物降解方面取得了一定效果。讨论了氧化还原介体的特点、作用机制,并总结了其对偶氮染料厌氧脱色、反硝化和多氯联苯厌氧降解的强化作用,提出了氧化还原介体未来的研究方向。 相似文献
2.
湖南山丘区景观生态系统退化特征初探 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
谢炳庚 《湖南师范大学自然科学学报》1997,20(3):80-85
湖南山地丘陵面积约占全省土地总面积的2/3,是省域最重要的景观生态系统类型。自然状态下,湖南山丘区景观生态系统中景观组分性质优良,景观要素组合协调,景观生态过程稳定,景观功能较强。然而,在长期的人类活动影响之下,湖南山丘区景观生态系统显现出明显的退化特征,具有表现为景观要素组合关系改变、景观组分性质劣化、景观生态过程逆转、景观生态系统抗性降低。 相似文献
3.
AgCl膜光催化降解色素的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
利用AgCl膜在不同波长光照条件下对水溶液中的5种有机色素进行催化降解实验.实验结果表明,30min内,5种色素(质量浓度为20mg/L)均得到迅速光解,且在太阳光光照条件下AgCl膜具有非常高的光催化性能.并进一步研究了成膜原料液的浓度对光解率的影响、溶液初始质量浓度与光解速率的关系及悬浮态AgCl的光催化对比实验. 相似文献
4.
5.
HAN Qiuying HUANG Xiaoping SHI Ping ZHANG Qiaomin 《科学通报(英文版)》2006,51(B12):121-128
There are abundant coastal wetlands in South China and their main characters are the tidal flats, mangroves and coral reefs. In this paper, the status quo of coastal wetlands in South China is introduced and their degradation trends in the last decades are analyzed based on the existing literatures and information. Their degradation trends are characterized by reduction of coastal wetlands' area, pollution of seawater environment, degeneration of ecological environment, sharp decrease of biodiversity in the wetlands and so on. At the same time, the causes resulting in the above-mentioned degradations are discussed, mainly concluding imperfect systems of management and legislation, deficient property and assessment systems of the wetlands, weak consciousness of protecting coastal wetlands, shortage of basic study and backward management level and so on. Some countermeasures are put forward for the sake of a sustainable use of the coastal wetlands of South China, mainly including establishing and perfecting administrative and legal systems for the coastal wetlands, developing the study on assessment of coastal wetland, heightening the consciousness of public participation, and strengthening scientific research and establishment of wetland nature reserves. 相似文献
6.
报道了分子筛负载杂多酸和二氧化钛催化剂MS/HPA/TiO2的制备及其对品红溶液降解的效果,系统研究了催化品红溶液降解的优化条件。实验表明,MS/HPA/TiO2具有良好的催化活性且容易回收。当MS:HPA:TiO2=1:10:1,品红的浓度为0.005%(10mL),催化剂的用量为10mg,反应时间为10min,品红的降解率达到96.87%。 相似文献
7.
Autophagic degradation of cytoplasm (including protein, RNA etc.) is a non-selective bulk process, as indicated by ultrastructural evidence and by the similarity in autophagic sequestration rates of various cytosolic enzymes with different half-lives. The initial autophagic sequestration step, performed by a poorly-characterized organelle called a phagophore, is subject tofeedback inhibition by purines and amino acids, the effect of the latter being potentiated by insulin and antagonized by glucagon. Epinephrine and other adrenergic agonists inhibit autophagic sequestration through a prazosin-sensitive 1-adrenergic mechanism. The sequestration is also inhibited by cAMP and by protein phosphorylation as indicated by the effects of cyclic nucleotide analogues, phosphodiesterase inhibitors and okadaic acid.Asparagine specifically inhibits autophagic-lysosomal fusion without having any significant effects on autophagic sequestration, on intralysosomal degradation or on the endocytic pathway. Autophaged material that accumulates in prelysosomal vacuoles in the presence of asparagine is accessible to endocytosed enzymes, revealing the existence of an amphifunctional organelle, the amphisome. Evidence from several cell types suggests that endocytosis may be coupled to autophagy to a variable extent, and that the amphisome may play a central role as a collecting station for material destined for lysosomal degradation.Protein degradation can also take place in a salvage compartment closely associated with the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). In this compartment unassembled protein chains are degraded by uncharacterized proteinases, while resident proteins roturn to the ER and assembled secretory and membrane proteins proceed through the Golgi apparatus. In thetrans-Golgi network some proteins are proteolytically processed by Ca2+-dependent proteinases; furthermore, this compartment sorts proteins to lysosomes, various membrane domains, endosomes or secretory vesicles/granules. Processing of both endogenous and exogenous proteins can occurr in endosomes, which may play a particularly important role in antigen processing and presentation. Proteins in endosomes or secretory compartments can either be exocytosed, or channeled to lysosomes for degradation. The switch mechanisms which decide between these options are subject to bioregulation by external agents (hormones and growth factors), and may play an important role in the control of protein uptake and secretion. 相似文献
8.
非离子表面活性剂非均相光催化降解试验研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
以非离子型表面活性剂-脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚为目标污染物,投加适量光敏半导体为催化剂,在高压汞灯照射下进行实验,在探讨各种影响因素作用的基础上,提出了在弱紫外辐照下使AEO-9降解的最佳条件组合,为逐步利用自然光源催化氧化表面活性剂提供科学依据。 相似文献
9.
药物盐酸曲普利啶热氧降解历程及动力学研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
采用热重法、微分热重法和差热分析法研究药物盐酸曲普利啶在空气流中的热氧降解历程及动力学,从而发现该药物的热氧降解过程由5个紧连步骤组成.用Coats-Redfern方程进行动力学处理,确定盐酸曲普利啶热氧降解的表观反应级数均为1.1,反应活化能分别为66.5,113.7,116.2,153.8和180.6kJ/mol. 相似文献
10.
H2O2氧化降解壳聚糖的动力学 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
为制备分子量分布较窄的可溶性低分子量壳聚糖,研究了简单均相体系下双氧水降解壳聚糖的过程与机理,考察了温度、双氧水浓度和时间对降解反应的影响,实验结果显示均相条件下壳聚糖的氧化降解符合无规降解动力学规律.同一降解体系中,同一反应时刻下,水解产物的分子量的倒数与反应温度成正比. 相似文献