FeCo-based hybrid MOF derived active species for effective oxygen evolution

Metal-organic frameworks(MOFs) have been regarded as promising catalyst materials due to the richness of coordinately unsaturated metal sites on the surface,which can act as catalytic active centres.In this study,a hybrid MOF material composed of Fe-based MOF and Co-based MOF was prepared with the involvement of graphene oxide nanosheets as additive.It was demonstrated that the hybrid MOF materials showed much higher electro-catalytic activity towards oxygen evolution than the single-phase counterparts.To drive current density of 10 mA cm~(-2),the hybrid CoFe-based MOF only needed an over potential of 290 mV in 1 M KOH.The catalytic activity could sustain for a longer time with only slight current density decrease.During oxygen evolution operation,the MOF catalyst evolved into catalytic active species but kept well the microscale sheet-like structure.It is thus believed that this study will provide an avenue for the development of advanced electrocatalysts.     

自主机器人人工进化方法研究

在介绍人工进化研究状况的基础上 ,着重阐述了进化机器人学的关键问题 :基本概念、进化技术、进化计算和实验研究方法等 ,探索了进化机器人学未来的研究趋势及所面临的挑战 .     

线粒体蛋白组研究进展

线粒体蛋白组是指在线粒体中出现的所有蛋白质的集合,包括线粒体自身基因组编码的和 由核基因组编码的蛋白质.线粒体作为真核生物的重要细胞器,它参与去除氧化、产生能量和还原 性物质等等一些重要的生命活动过程.这些功能都依赖于线粒体蛋白组中的蛋白河的相互作用.要 对其有一个较为全面的认识,就必须对其蛋白组进行广泛且深入的研究.根据现有的一些研究成 果,对线粒体蛋白组在起源与进化、跨膜运输、研究方法和计算机预测作了简要综述.     

ZrO2基固体电解质氧传感器的研究现状及发展趋势

近年来,由于ZrO2基固体电解质氧传感器具有高的测氧灵敏度和在高温下的化学稳定性,因而在节约能源、环境保护等方面得到了广泛的应用。该文首先介绍了ZrO2基固体电解质氧传感器的测氧原理,然后阐述了ZrO2基固体电解质氧传感器的研究现状;重点介绍了氧传感器导电理论,及在高温和低温条件下工作的氧传感器研究状况和氧传感器的应用研究,并对氧传感器未来的发展进行了分析和展望,指出为了获得高性能的氧传感器应重点发展纳米材料氧传感器。     

Banach空间中一类强非线性发展方程的反周期解

本文讨论一类强非线性发展方程的反周期解的存在性。针对一大类既含有单调非线性算子又含有非单调非线性算子的发展方程。我们巧妙地结合单调算子理论与Leray-Schauder不动点理论，证明了其反周期解的存在性。最后，举例说明理论结果在2m阶拟线性抛物型方向的时间反周期问题中的应用。     

High precision topographic data on Lop Nor basin's Lake "Great Ear" ? and the timing of its becoming a dry salt lake

High precision elevation measurements using DGPS were carried out along three representative tran- sects for the "Great Ear" area, a dry salt lake within the Lop Nor basin. Results indicate that the Lop Nor basin is only 5.2 m deep and its lowest point occurs at the center of the "Great Ear". In addition, the basin is asymmetric - steeper in the southwest (0.19‰) and gentler in the northeast (0.09‰). Points along the same "Great Ear" ring were found to have an identical elevation value, but different when from different ones (lower towards the center). The spacing of the "Great Ear" rings was found to be closely related with the surface steepness. The closer the "Great Ear" rings are spaced, the steeper the ground surface, and vice versa. These findings support the argument that the "Great Ear" rings are the former shoreline trails left behind by Lop Nor water during the last few episodes of recession towards its total dry up. A comprehensive analysis of the high precision elevation data, historical accounts, aerial and satellite photographs and imagery, and official topographic maps of the study area suggests that the "Great Ear" area in the Lop Nor basin was incorrectly mapped as being covered by a great body of water on the 1963 topographic maps. A re-interpretation of the 1958 aerial photographs and newer remote sensing imagery indicated that the "Great Ear" ring structure was already in place in 1958 and it continued to appear on the subsequent remote sensing data without any major changes. It is estimated that lake water in the "Great Ear" area of the Lop Nor basin disappeared between the late 1930s and early 1940s.     

多维函数全局寻优的团队进步算法

通过模仿团队进步需要的学习、探索行为和成员更新规则,提出了一种新颖的双群体演化算法,称为团队进步算法(TPA).算法将一个团队的成员分为精英和普通组,建立了两组的学习样板,定义了学习和探索运算,并合理设定了成员更新规则.两组成员在搜索过程中出现了明显分工,使算法兼备了全局搜索、局部搜索和定向搜索的能力.数值试验结果验证了新算法具有实现简单、全局寻优成功率高、收敛快、计算量少、坚韧性强和参数选择相对容易等特性,对解决优化应用问题具有较大的价值.     

绿洲-荒漠生态系统演化因素及其非线性探讨——以新疆为例

对立统一于干旱区的绿洲—荒漠生态系统在降水等自然因素和人类活动等人为因素的影响下不断进行着演化.从长期看,这一演化过程具有不可预测性,短期内却有细微可预见性.现如今在绿洲扩展同时,荒漠也在扩展,整体趋势仍是荒漠在扩展.为维持绿洲的稳定性,促使绿洲—荒漠系统处于一种稳定的发展趋势,本文从分析绿洲-荒漠这对对立统一的生态系统入手,在探讨引起这对生态系统演化的自然因素和人为因素的基础上,确定了自然因素中的降水和人为因素中的政府调控行为为演化的主导因素,初步探索了促使这对生态系统统演化的主导因素作用所具有的非线性关系,这对维持绿洲的稳定性,抑制荒漠扩展有一定的实际意义.     

世界文化史上的五种科学思维模式

思想方法的更新是人类进步的重要标志之一。对这种标志的认识,在哲学史和文化史研究中通常不被人们所重视。人类思想史上最鲜明、最有意义的科学思维模式,主要表现为本文论及的五种类型,这些思维模式的互补与进步,是东西方文明相互推进的内在标志;对它们的研究和探讨,是把握先进文化前进方向的重要前提。     

Elaboration and Properties of Nanocomposite Structures Based on Crown Modified Platinum Nanoparticles

1 Results This paper presents the development of platinum nanocomposites structures based on organically modified c.a.2 nm core platinum nanoparticles.The chemical modification of the 4-mercaptoaniline functionalized particles by various in coming molecules is evidenced and precisely quantified.The particles can be dissolved like molecules in various solvents depending on the features of the new crown and X-rays shows that the interparticle distance is affected by the crown modification.These platinum n...