动物精子发生及成熟过程中凝集素受体的分布与变化

对各种动物精子发生与成熟过程中生精细胞表面凝集素受体的变化做了综述 .精子发生过程伴随着不同凝集素受体的出现和变化 ,这些受体是由生精细胞自身合成的 ;精子在成熟过程中 ,质膜凝集素受体的合成、修饰及分布会进一步发生变化 ,这些变化与精子获得与卵子进行识别、粘附、结合等受精能力密切相关 .     

完全体外化牛细胞核移植的研究

本研究探讨了用体外成熟卵母细胞和体外受精胚胎进行核移植的可能性。本研究结果在我国首次获得牛核移植的成功。从屠宰场回收的卵巢中抽取卵球－卵母细胞复合体，采用以前报道的方法（石德顺等，广西农业大学学报’１９９４：１３：１－５）进行体外成熟（ＩＶＭ）和体外受精（ＩＶＦ），获得ＩＶＭ卵母细胞和ＩＶＦ胚胎，体外成熟２３－２４ｈ后，在含０．１％透明质酸酶的无钙镁ＰＢＳ（ＰＢＳ）内，用细管反复吹打去掉卵丘细胞。选择具有明显第一极体的卵母细胞通过显微操作移去第一极体及其附近约一半的细胞质进行去核，去核的卵细胞在成熟液内继续培养到ＩＶＭ３０ｈ．体外发育到８－３２细胞期的ＩＶＦ胚胎用作核供体．供体胚胎用含０．２５％Ｐｒｏｎａｓｅ（溶于ＰＢＳ￣－）溶解透明带，并用细管吹打将其分散成单个卵裂球，在ＩＶＭ３０ｈ将单个卵裂球显微注入去核卵母细胞的卵周隙内，并在ＩＶＭ３１ｈ用８０Ｖ／ｍｍ４０μｓ两次电脉冲（间隔１秒）来诱导卵裂球与去核卵母细胞的融合。融合卵在颗粒细胞单层培养滴内共培养，体外培养２４ｈ后观察卵裂结果，经体外培养５－８天后发育到桑椹和囊胚的核移植胚胎移植到同期发情的受体．２个月后直检妊娠情况．本实验中共操作１９４枚卵母细胞，     

Cooperative inhibitory effect of follicular fluid and cAMP on hamster oocyte maturation

Summary Porcine or human follicular fluid inhibited the spontaneous maturation of isolated hamster oocytes in vitro during the first 1.5 h of culture. Moreover, the presence of 50% follicular fluid combined with 100 M dbcAMP cooperatively reduced the incidence of germinal vesicle breakdown. The addition of FSH also inhibited the resumption of meiosis, and the presence of LH did not overcome the inhibitory effects of follicular fluid and tended to impede isolated hamster oocyte maturation in vitro.     

Roles of protein kinase C in oocyte meiotic maturation and fertilization

Protein kinase C (PKC) is a superfamily of Ser/Thr protein kinases that is distributed widely in eukaryotes. It plays key regulatory roles at multiple steps of oocyte meiotic maturation and fertilization. During the process of meiotic maturation, the activation of PKC in cumulus cells stimulates meiotic maturation, whereas the activation of PKC in oocytes results in the inhibition of germinal vesicle breakdown. PKC activity increases following the meiotic maturation, and decreases at the transition of metaphase/anaphase in meiosis I, so as to facilitate the release of the first polar body and the entry of meiosis II. In fertilization of mammalian oocytes, PKC may act as one of the downstream targets of Ca2+ to stimulate the cortical granule exocytosis, release the oocytes from MII arrest and to induce pronucleus formation. PKC is also involved in the regulation of maturation promoting factor (MPF) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK). Several PKC isoforms have been identified in mammalian oocytes, and there is evidence showing that classical PKCs may be the principal mediator of oocyte cortical reaction.     

哺乳动物卵子发生过程中细胞凋亡的研究进展

细胞凋亡是发育过程中的基本生命现象,是多细胞生物体一种重要的自我稳定机制．除各种体细胞凋亡外,生殖细胞在其发生过程中也有细胞凋亡现象产生．对许多脊椎动物和无脊椎动物的研究发现,有大量生殖细胞在其发育的不同阶段丢失．对近10年来哺乳动物卵子发生过程中细胞凋亡的研究进行了综述,主要描述了哺乳动物卵子发生过程中的细胞凋亡及其调控以及凋亡的意义．     

Function and interaction of maturation-promoting factor and mitogen-activated protein kinase during meiotic maturation and fertilization of oocyte

Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAP kinase) cascade and maturation-promoting factor (MPF) play very important roles during meiotic maturation and fertilization of oocyte. Interaction between MAP kinase and MPF influences meiotic maturation and fertilization of oocyte throughout the animal kingdom, including stimulation of germinal vesicle breakdown (GVBD), suppression of DNA replication, control of meiotic chromosome segregation, maintenance of metaphase II arrest, and resumption and completion of second meiosis. This review focuses on the function and interaction of MAP kinase and MPF during meiotic maturation and fertilization of oocyte.     

基于量子的免疫进化算法及收敛性

分析和探讨了量子计算的特点及免疫进化机制,并结合免疫系统的动力学模型和免疫细胞在自我进化中的亲和度成熟机理,提出了一种基于量子计算的免疫进化算法。该算法使用量子比特表达染色体,通过免疫克隆、记忆细胞产生和抗体相似性抑制等进化机制可最终找出最优解,它比传统的量子进化算法具有更好的种群多样性、更快的收敛速度和全局寻优能力。在此不仅从理论上证明了该算法的收敛,而且通过仿真实验表明了该算法的优越性。     

A STAGE-STRUCTURED SI ECO-EPIDEMIOLOGICAL MODEL WITH TIME DELAY AND IMPULSIVE CONTROLLING*

This paper formulates a robust stage-structured SI eco-epidemiological model with periodic constant pulse releasing of infectious pests with pathogens. The authors show that the conditions for global attractivity of the ＇pest-eradication＇ periodic solution and permanence of the system depend on time delay, hence, the authors call it ＂profitless＂. Further, the authors present a pest management strategy in which the pest population is kept under the economic threshold level （ETL） when the pest population is uniformly persistent. By numerical analysis, the authors also show that constant maturation time delay for the susceptible pests and pulse releasing of the infectious pests can bring obvious effects on the dynamics of system.